Rig Veda 10.53.10: Mandala 10, Sukta 53, Mantra 10

Sukta 10.53

Rishi: Agni/Hotṛ-centered cycle (speaker representing the sacrificers seeking the true Hotṛ/Agni)

Devata: Kavayaḥ/vidvāṃsaḥ as inspired powers; the attainment of amṛtatva as goal (devic state)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सतो नूनं कवयः सं शिशीत वाशीभिर्याभिरमृताय तक्षथ । विद्वांसः पदा गुह्यानि कर्तन येन देवासो अमृतत्वमानशुः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.53.10

Transliteration

sató nūnáṃ kaváyaḥ sáṃ śiśīta vā́śībhiḥ yā́bhir amṛ́tāya tákṣatha | vidvā́ṃsaḥ padā́ guhyā́ni kartana yéna devā́so amṛtatvám ā́naśuḥ ||

Translation

บัดนี้ เหล่ากวีฤๅษี (kavi) ลับคมพลังแห่ง ‘ความมีอยู่’ (sat) ด้วยถ้อยคำศักดิ์สิทธิ์ที่ท่านทั้งหลายใช้สลักสร้างเพื่อความเป็นอมตะ. ผู้รู้ทั้งหลายเปิดผ่าเร้นลับด้วยย่างก้าว (pada); ด้วยหนทางนั้นเอง เหล่าเทพจึงบรรลุความเป็นอมตะ (amṛtatva).

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Word by Word

• सतः: of the true/real (of being)
• सतः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation) / विशेषण-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सत् (प्रा. < √अस् ‘to be’)

• नूनम्: now; indeed
• नूनम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नूनम्

• कवयः: the seers/poets
• कवयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि

• सम्: together; completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग) अथवा अव्यय

• शिशीत: has sharpened/whetted
• शिशीत: क्रिया (कवयः = कर्तृ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शा/शी (शि) ‘to sharpen, whet’ (Vedic: शिशीते/शिशीत)

• वाशीभिः: with axes/adzes (cutting tools)
• वाशीभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाशी (स्त्री; ‘axe/adze, cutting tool’)

• याभिः: with which
• याभिः: करण (वाशीभिः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• अमृताय: for immortality
• अमृताय: सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन (dative of purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृत

• तक्षथ: you (pl.) fashion/hewn
• तक्षथ: क्रिया (कवयः = कर्तृ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √तक्ष् ‘to fashion, hew, carpent’

• विद्वांसः: the knowing ones; the wise
• विद्वांसः: कर्तृ (कर्तन)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: विद्वांस् (कृदन्त; √विद् ‘to know’)

• पदा: by/with a step; by a path/track
• पदा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद

• गुह्यानि: hidden; secret
• गुह्यानि: कर्म (of कर्तन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुह्य (gerundive/adj. from √गुह् ‘to hide’)

• कर्तन: they cut/cleave
• कर्तन: क्रिया (विद्वांसः = कर्तृ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृत्/कृन्त् ‘to cut, cleave’ (Vedic stem कृन्त्)

• येन: by which
• येन: करण (instrumental: ‘by which’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• देवासः: the gods
• देवासः: कर्तृ (आनशुः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव

• अमृतत्वम्: immortality
• अमृतत्वम्: कर्म (आनशुः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृतत्व (अमृत + त्व)

• आनशुः: attained; reached
• आनशुः: क्रिया (देवासः = कर्तृ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अश् ‘to attain, reach’ (with आ-)