Rig Veda 10.34.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 34, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.34

Rishi: Kavasha Ailūṣa (traditional)

Devata: Akṣāḥ (Dice) as adversarial power; also the ‘she’ = addiction/fate personified

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; long narrative triṣṭubh style)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

न मा मिमेथ न जिहीळ एषा शिवा सखिभ्य उत मह्यमासीत् । अक्षस्याहमेकपरस्य हेतोरनुव्रतामप जायामरोधम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.34.2

Transliteration

ná mā mimetha ná jihīḷa eṣā́ śivā́ sakhíbhyá utá máhyam āsīt | akṣasyā́hám éka-parasya hétor ánu-vratām ápa jāyā́m arodham ||

Translation

นางมิได้สงสารข้าพเจ้า และมิได้ยับยั้ง—นางผู้เคยเป็นมงคลแก่สหายทั้งหลาย และแก่ข้าพเจ้าด้วย. ด้วยเหตุแห่งลูกเต๋า (akṣa) ผู้เป็นนายเพียงหนึ่งเดียว ข้าพเจ้าจึงกีดกันภรรยาผู้ซื่อสัตย์ ผู้ประพฤติตามธรรมบัญญัติ ออกไปเสีย.

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Word by Word

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• मा: me
• मा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• मिमेथ: you have (so) regarded/valued (me)
• मिमेथ: Kartā (implied ‘त्वम्’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मा (माने/मिमाते) / √मा (to measure/esteem; Vedic)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• जिहीळे: you have reviled / been hostile
• जिहीळे: Kartā (implied ‘त्वम्’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हीळ् (to revile, be angry at; Vedic) with reduplication ji-

• एषा: this (woman/one)
• एषा: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun (demonstrative)
• Root: एतद्

• शिवा: kind, auspicious
• शिवा: Kartā (as qualifier of एषा)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिव

• सखिभ्यः: to (my) friends
• सखिभ्यः: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि

• उत: and, also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत

• मह्यम्: to me
• मह्यम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• आसीत्: was
• आसीत्: — (copula)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (to be)

• अक्षस्य: of the dice / of the die-game
• अक्षस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अक्ष

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• एकपरस्य: of one who is devoted to one thing only / single-aimed
• एकपरस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: एकपर

• हेतोः: because of (the) cause; on account of
• हेतोः: Apādāna (cause/source, ‘because of’ in genitive usage)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेतु

• अनुव्रताम्: obedient, faithful
• अनुव्रताम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अनुव्रत

• अप: away
• अप: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: अप

• जायाम्: wife
• जायाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जाया

• अरोधम्: I shut out / kept away / restrained
• अरोधम्: Kartā (अहम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रुध् (to obstruct, restrain, shut off)