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Rig Veda 10.29.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 29, Mantra 4

Sukta 10.29

Devata: Indra (with Mitra as comparative archetype of truth-harmony)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; confirm by metrical count)

कदु द्युम्नमिन्द्र त्वावतो नॄन्कया धिया करसे कन्न आगन् । मित्रो न सत्य उरुगाय भृत्या अन्ने समस्य यदसन्मनीषाः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.29.4

kád u dyumnám indra tvā́vato nṝ́n káyā dhiyā́ karase kán na ā́gan | mitró ná satyá urugāya bhṛtyā́ anné samasya yád ásan manīṣā́ḥ ||

โอ้อินทระ เมื่อใดฤทธาอันรุ่งเรืองจักมาถึงหมู่มนุษย์ผู้เป็นของท่าน? ด้วยความคิดใดท่านจักหล่อหลอมมัน และเมื่อใดท่านจักเสด็จมาสู่เรา? ดุจมิตระผู้สัตย์จริง ผู้ก้าวไปไกล ท่านย่อมเป็นผู้เกื้อหนุนต่อการหล่อเลี้ยงของเรา—เมื่อความคิดอันดลใจของเรากลมกลืนกับโภชนะแห่งยัญพิธี.

कदुwhen indeed?
कदु:
Adhikaraṇa (काल-प्रश्न) / अव्यय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदु (प्रश्नाव्यय) अथवा कदा + उ
द्यु॒म्नम्splendour, glory
द्यु॒म्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्यु॒म्न (प्रातिपदिक) < द्युत्/द्युत् (दीप्तौ) भाव/फल
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वावतःof those who have you (as helper), your followers
त्वावतः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वावत् (प्रातिपदिक) < त्वा (सर्वनाम) + वत्
नॄन्men, heroes
नॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
कयाby which?
कया:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धियाby thought, by insight
धिया:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक)
करसिyou make, you do
करसि:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
अयindeed, pray (particle)
अय:
अव्यय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअय (अव्यय/निपात) — पदपूरण/उद्गार
कन्नुhow then?
कन्नु:
अव्यय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् + नु (निपात) → कन्नु
आगन्they came, they arrived
आगन्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग)
मित्रःMitra; a friend
मित्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
अव्यय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-अव्यय)
सत्यःtrue, faithful
सत्यः:
Kartā (विशेषण-भाव)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
उरुगायO wide-sung one (far-famed)
उरुगाय:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootउरुगाय (प्रातिपदिक) < उरु + गाय (गै/गाय् ‘गाने/स्तुतौ’ से) बहुव्रीहि
भृत्याservants, dependants
भृत्या:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य (प्रातिपदिक) < भृ (धातु) ‘to bear/support’ से
अन्नेin food, in nourishment
अन्ने:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
समस्यof the equal, impartial one
समस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘equal’
यत्which, that which
यत्:
Karma/सम्बन्ध (यद्-सम्बन्ध)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
असन्they were
असन्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु) ‘to be’
मनीषाःthoughts, wise intentions
मनीषाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमनीषा (प्रातिपदिक)

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