Rig Veda 10.1.5: Mandala 10, Sukta 1, Mantra 5

Sukta 10.1

Rishi: Traditionally: Mādhucchandas or related Angiras line is often associated with early Agni hymns; for RV 10.1, Anukramaṇī traditions typically assign the hymn to a specific rishi-family (needs manuscript-specific confirmation).

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (common for RV 10.1 opening verses; metrical confirmation recommended for digital scansion).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

होतारं चित्ररथमध्वरस्य यज्ञस्ययज्ञस्य केतुं रुशन्तम् । प्रत्यर्धिं देवस्यदेवस्य मह्ना श्रिया त्वग्निमतिथिं जनानाम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.1.5

Transliteration

hótāraṁ citrá-ratham adhvarásya yajñásya-yajñásya ketúṁ rúśantam | práty ardhiṁ devásya-devásya mahnā śriyā tvám agním atíthiṁ jánānām ||

Translation

ท่านทั้งหลายสถาปนาอัคนี—โหตฤ (Hotṛ) ผู้มีรถศึกอันรุ่งเรือง ผู้เป็นธงและนิมิตอันสว่างไสวของยัญญะทุกครั้งทุกครา ด้วยมหิทธิฤทธิ์และศรี (śrī) แห่งเทพ ท่านตั้งเขาไว้เบื้องหน้า เป็นอาคันตุกะ (Atithi) อันพึงต้อนรับของหมู่ชนทั้งหลาย

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Word by Word

• होतारम्: the Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
• होतारम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ (√हु ‘to sacrifice, offer’)

• चित्ररथम्: having a splendid chariot
• चित्ररथम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: चित्र-रथ (प्रातिपदिक: चित्र ‘bright, splendid’ + रथ ‘chariot’)

• अध्वरस्य: of the rite/sacrifice
• अध्वरस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञस्य: of the sacrifice
• यज्ञस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (√यज् ‘to worship, sacrifice’)

• यज्ञस्य: of (each) sacrifice
• यज्ञस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (√यज्)

• केतुम्: banner; sign; guiding light
• केतुम्: कर्म (apposition to होतारम्/अग्निम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: केतु (प्रातिपदिक)

• रुशन्तम्: shining, radiant
• रुशन्तम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: रुशत् (present participle from √रुश्/√रुच् ‘to shine, be bright’)

• प्रति: towards; in return; in response
• प्रति: (directional/relational)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अर्धिम्: share; portion; due
• अर्धिम्: कर्म (with प्रति) / लक्ष्य
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्धि (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवस्य: of the god
• देवस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवस्य: of (each) god
• देवस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• मह्ना: by (his) greatness/might
• मह्ना: करण
• Type: Noun (instrumental of abstract)
• Root: मघन्/महन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘greatness, might’)

• श्रिया: with splendor/beauty
• श्रिया: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• अग्निम्: Agni
• अग्निम्: कर्म (object of implied verb ‘we choose/seek/praise’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• अतिथिम्: guest
• अतिथिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)

• जनानाम्: of the peoples/men
• जनानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक)