Rig Veda 1.96.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 96, Mantra 5

Sukta 1.96

Rishi: Parāśara Śāktya

Devata: Agni (as the child nursed by Night and Dawn)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

नक्तोषासा वर्णमामेम्याने धापयेते शिशुमेकं समीची । द्यावाक्षामा रुक्मो अन्तर्वि भाति देवा अग्निं धारयन्द्रविणोदाम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.96.5

Transliteration

náktoṣásā várṇam āmémyāne dhā́payete śíśum ékaṃ samīcī́ | dyā́vākṣā́mā rukmó antár ví bhāti devā́ agníṃ dhārayann dráviṇo-dām ||

Translation

ราตรีและอุษา (รุ่งอรุณ) เคลื่อนไปตามสีสันของตน ประสานกันเลี้ยงดูทารกเพียงหนึ่งเดียว ระหว่างฟ้ากับดิน แสงทองส่องประกายจากภายใน; เหล่าเทพทรงค้ำจุนอัคนี (Agni) ผู้ประทานความอุดมแห่งภาวะ.

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Word by Word

• नक्तोषासा: Night and Dawn
• नक्तोषासा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (dual compound)
• Root: नक्त (अव्यय ‘रात्रौ’) + उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वर्णम्: color, appearance
• वर्णम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards, forth
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• मेम्याने: alternating, moving in turn
• मेम्याने: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √मि (मिनोति/मीयते; ‘to change/alternate, move’), with reduplication मे- + यान (शानच्)

• धापयेते: they cause to drink / they nourish
• धापयेते: क्रिया (कर्तृ: नक्तोषासा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (धत्ते/दधाति) causative धापयति; here 3rd dual Ātmanepada

• शिशुम्: the child
• शिशुम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिशु (प्रातिपदिक)

• एकम्: one, single
• एकम्: कर्म (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)

• समीची: converging, facing together
• समीची: कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially/qualifying dual subject)
• Root: समीचि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘facing each other/coming together’)

• द्यावाक्षामा: Heaven and Earth
• द्यावाक्षामा: अधिकारण/कर्तृ (सन्दर्भे: ‘in/over heaven and earth’ अथवा ‘heaven-and-earth (as locus)’)
• Type: Noun (dual compound)
• Root: द्याव् (दिव्/द्यौः) + क्षाम (प्रातिपदिक ‘earth/ground’)

• रुक्मः: the golden (one), the shining ornament
• रुक्मः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रुक्म (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्तर्: within, in between
• अन्तर्: अधिकारण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्तर् (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ ‘within, between’)

• वि: apart, widely, forth
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• भाति: shines
• भाति: क्रिया (कर्तृ: रुक्मः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भा (भाति)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निम्: Agni (fire)
• अग्निम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• धारयन्: holding, supporting
• धारयन्: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √धृ (धरति) causative/denominative sense ‘to hold, support’; present active participle

• द्रविणोदाम्: the wealth-giver
• द्रविणोदाम्: कर्म (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun (compound epithet)
• Root: द्रविण (प्रातिपदिक ‘wealth’) + दा (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त ‘giver’, from √दा)