Rig Veda 1.95.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 95, Mantra 5

Sukta 1.95

Devata: Enigmatic emergent power (often Agni/solar child) within the formative domain of Tvashṭṛ

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आविष्ट्यो वर्धते चारुरासु जिह्मानामूर्ध्वः स्वयशा उपस्थे । उभे त्वष्टुर्बिभ्यतुर्जायमानात्प्रतीची सिंहं प्रति जोषयेते ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.95.5

Transliteration

āviṣṭyó vardhate cā́rur ā́su jihmā́nām ūrdhvó svayáśā upásthe | ubhé tváṣṭur bibhyatur jā́yamānāt pratī́cī síṃhaṃ práti joṣayete ||

Translation

เมื่อปรากฏแล้ว เขาเจริญงอกงามท่ามกลางนางทั้งหลาย งามนัก; อยู่ในตักของผู้คดเคี้ยวแต่กลับตั้งตรงขึ้นสูง ด้วยรัศมีแห่งตนเอง. มารดาทั้งสองของทวษฏฤ (Tvashṭṛ) หวาดหวั่นเขาเมื่อเขาบังเกิด; เผชิญหน้าสิงห์นั้น นางทั้งสองยินดีรับและแนบชิด.

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Word by Word

• आविष्ट्यः: having entered; settled within
• आविष्ट्यः: Kartā (as qualifier of the subject) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: आ-√विश् (प्रवेशने) / √विश्

• वर्धते: grows; increases
• वर्धते: Kriyā (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध् (वर्धने)

• चारुः: beautiful; lovely
• चारुः: Kartā (as qualifier of the subject) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चारु (प्रातिपदिक)

• आसुः: in the laps/wombs (i.e., in the seats)
• आसुः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस् (प्रातिपदिक: आसु- ‘lap, womb, seat’)

• जिह्मानाम्: of the crooked/oblique (ones)
• जिह्मानाम्: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जिह्म (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऊर्ध्वः: upright; raised
• ऊर्ध्वः: Kartā (as qualifier of the subject) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऊर्ध्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वयशाः: self-glorious; of his own splendour
• स्वयशाः: Kartā (as qualifier of the subject) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व-यशस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘self-glory/own fame’)

• उपस्थे: in the lap; in the bosom
• उपस्थे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)

• उभे: both (two females)
• उभे: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: उभ (प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वष्टुः: of Tvaṣṭṛ
• त्वष्टुः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun (proper/title)
• Root: त्वष्टृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• बिभ्यतुः: fear; are afraid
• बिभ्यतुः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भी (भये)

• जायमानात्: from the one being born; from the newborn
• जायमानात्: Apādāna
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √जन् (जन्मनि) + यमान (शानच्) → जायमान (present middle participle)

• प्रतीची: turned toward (him); facing (him)
• प्रतीची: Kartā (as qualifier of one of the two) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतीच् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सिंहम्: the lion
• सिंहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंह (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रति: toward; in response to
• प्रति: Upasarga/Preverb (directional) / Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति

• जोषयेते: they two make (him) welcome; they two court/cherish
• जोषयेते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जुष् (प्रीतौ/सेवने) → causative √जोषय्