Rig Veda 1.91.21: Mandala 1, Sukta 91, Mantra 21

Sukta 1.91

Devata: Soma

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अषाळ्हं युत्सु पृतनासु पप्रिं स्वर्षामप्सां वृजनस्य गोपाम् । भरेषुजां सुक्षितिं सुश्रवसं जयन्तं त्वामनु मदेम सोम ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.91.21

Transliteration

aṣā́ḷhaṃ yut-sú pṛ́tanāsu papríṃ svaḥ-sā́m apsā́ṃ vṛ́janasya gopā́m | bhareṣu-jā́ṃ su-kṣitíṃ su-śrávasaṃ jáyantaṃ tvā́m ánu madema soma ||

Translation

ผู้ไม่อาจปราบในศึก ผู้เติมเต็มการประจัญบานทั้งหลาย ผู้ชนะโลกอันสว่างไสว ผู้พิทักษ์แห่งสายน้ำและหมู่ชน ผู้ก่อชัยในคราวแบกภาระ ผู้ประทานที่อยู่ดีและการได้ยินอันดี (เกียรติแห่งแรงดลใจ)—เมื่อเราตามท่านผู้พิชิต เราจักรื่นเริงเถิด โอ โสมะ

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Word by Word

• अषा॑ळ्हम्: unconquered
• अषा॑ळ्हम्: कर्म (त्वाम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-षा॒ळ्ह (प्रातिपदिक; < √सह् ‘to overcome/endure’ with neg. a-; ‘unconquered’)

• यु॒त्सु: in battles
• यु॒त्सु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: यु॒ध्/यु॒त्सु (प्रातिपदिक ‘युत्सु’ = ‘in battles’; from yudh- ‘fight’)

• पृत॑नासु: in combats/hostile encounters
• पृत॑नासु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृतना (प्रातिपदिक)

• पप्रिम्: fulfilling (victory/aid), filling
• पप्रिम्: कर्म (त्वाम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √पॄ (पूरणे ‘to fill, to make full’) → पप्रि- (कृदन्त/विशेषण ‘filling, fulfilling’)

• स्व॒र्षाम्: heaven-winning, light-winning
• स्व॒र्षाम्: कर्म (त्वाम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वर्-सा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘winning/bringing heaven/light’; RV epithet)

• अ॒प्साम्: of the waters
• अ॒प्साम्: सम्बन्ध (वृजनस्य गोपाम् इत्यस्य विशेषण-सम्बन्धः; ‘of the waters’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक ‘water’)

• वृ॒जन॑स्य: of the community/settlement (clan)
• वृ॒जन॑स्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृजन (प्रातिपदिक)

• गो॒पाम्: protector/guardian
• गो॒पाम्: कर्म (त्वाम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोपा (प्रातिपदिक; go- ‘cow’ + पा ‘protector’)

• भ॒रे॒षु॒जाम्: battle-born, battle-helping
• भ॒रे॒षु॒जाम्: कर्म (त्वाम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भरेषुजा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘born/active in battles/struggles’; bhara ‘bearing, contest’ + su-ja ‘well-born/produced’)

• सु॑क्षि॒तिम्: good dwelling, prosperity
• सु॑क्षि॒तिम्: कर्म (जयन्तम् इत्यस्य कर्म/फलम्—‘good dwelling/prosperity’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-क्षिति (प्रातिपदिक; su- ‘good’ + क्षिति ‘dwelling, settlement, prosperity’)

• सु॒श्रव॑सम्: of good fame, renowned
• सु॒श्रव॑सम्: कर्म (त्वाम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-श्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good fame’)

• जय॑न्तम्: conquering, victorious
• जय॑न्तम्: कर्म (त्वाम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: √जि (जये ‘to conquer’) → जयन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ)

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: कर्म (मदेम इत्यस्य)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अनु॑: after, following
• अनु॑: (क्रियाविशेषण; ‘following/after, in accordance with’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (अव्यय)

• मदेम: may we rejoice/exult
• मदेम: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मद् (हर्षे/मदे ‘to rejoice, be exhilarated’)

• सोम: O Soma
• सोम: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)