Rig Veda 1.6.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 6, Mantra 1

Sukta 1.6

Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1–1.11; for 1.6 commonly Vaiśvāmitra lineage)

Devata: Indra (with solar/rocanā imagery; the verse evokes the yoking of the radiant power in Indra’s cosmic action)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables; typical for early RV 1 hymns to Indra)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

युञ्जन्ति ब्रध्नमरुषं चरन्तं परि तस्थुषः । रोचन्ते रोचना दिवि ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.6.1

Transliteration

yuñjánti bradhnám aruṣáṃ cárantaṃ pári tasthúṣaḥ | rócante rocanā́ diví ||

Translation

เขาทั้งหลายเทียมแอกพลังอันแดงเรื่อและสว่างไสว ผู้เคลื่อนไปตามวิถีเวียนรอบ; รอบนั้นบรรดาอำนาจอันมั่นคงยืนประจำอยู่. ในสวรรค์ แดนเรืองรองทั้งหลายก็ลุกโชติช่วงด้วยแสง.

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Word by Word

• युञ्जन्ति: they yoke / harness
• युञ्जन्ति: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (युजँ)

• ब्रध्नम्: the tawny one / the bright (sun)
• ब्रध्नम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun (also used adjectivally)
• Root: ब्रध्न (प्रातिपदिक)

• अरुषम्: ruddy, reddish
• अरुषम्: कर्म (विशेषणत्वेन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अरुष (प्रातिपदिक)

• चरन्तम्: moving, roaming
• चरन्तम्: कर्म (विशेषणत्वेन)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: चर् (चरँ) → चरन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• परि: around
• परि: (उपसर्ग/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• तस्थुषः: of those standing around / the surrounding (ones)
• तस्थुषः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) / कर्ता (यदि प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्)
• Type: Participle (perfect/stative, used substantively)
• Root: स्था (ष्ठा) → तस्थुस् (परिपूर्ण/परफेक्ट कृदन्त-आधारः)

• रोचन्ते: they shine
• रोचन्ते: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुच् (रुचँ)

• रोचनाः: the lights / luminous realms
• रोचनाः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोचना (प्रातिपदिक; रुच्-धातोः नामधातु/भाववाचक) अथवा रोचन (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• दिवि: in heaven / in the sky
• दिवि: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक: दिव्)