Rig Veda 1.53.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 53, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.53

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Indra (with Soma as operative power; imagery of go/aśva as inner aids)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

एभिर्द्युभिः सुमना एभिरिन्दुभिर्निरुन्धानो अमतिं गोभिरश्विना । इन्द्रेण दस्युं दरयन्त इन्दुभिर्युतद्वेषसः समिषा रभेमहि ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.53.4

Transliteration

ebhír dyúbhiḥ sumánā ebhír índubhir nirundhānáḥ ámatiṃ góbhir aśvínā | índreṇa dásyuṃ daráyanta índubhir yutádveṣasaḥ sám iṣā́ rabhémahi ||

Translation

ด้วยวันอันสว่างไสวเหล่านี้ ด้วยหยดโสมะเหล่านี้ เรากักขวางเจตนาคดเคี้ยวไว้ และด้วยโคแห่งแสง (go) กับม้าคู่ผู้รวดเร็ว (aśvinā) ด้วยอินทระ เราจักผ่าแยกดัสยุ (Dasyu—ความมืดผู้ขัดขวาง) ด้วยพลังโสมะ; รวมใจต้านความชัง ขอให้เรายึดคว้าพรแห่งการหลั่งไหล (iṣā) ร่วมกัน

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Word by Word

• एभिः: with these
• एभिः: करण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• द्युभिः: with the bright days / with the lights
• द्युभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्युभ्/द्यु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘द्युभ्’ = द्यु- ‘sky/day/light’ का तृतीया-बहु)

• सुमनाः: well-minded, gracious
• सुमनाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• एभिः: with these
• एभिः: करण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्दुभिः: with soma-drops
• इन्दुभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)

• निरुन्धानः: restraining, holding back
• निरुन्धानः: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: नि-√रुध् (रुधिर्/रुध्)

• अमतिम्: folly, lack of right thought
• अमतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-मति (प्रातिपदिक)

• गोभिः: with cows
• गोभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• अश्विना: with the two horsemen (Aśvins)
• अश्विना: करण
• Type: Noun (dual)
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रेण: with Indra
• इन्द्रेण: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• दस्युम्: the Dasyu (hostile foe)
• दस्युम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: दस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)

• दरयन्तः: splitting, cleaving
• दरयन्तः: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √दॄ/दर् (दरयति ‘to split, cleave’)

• इन्दुभिः: with soma-drops
• इन्दुभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)

• युतद्वेषसः: those whose hostility is joined/arrayed (the hostile ones)
• युतद्वेषसः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective/Noun (compound)
• Root: युत-द्वेषस् (समास; युत ‘joined/associated’ + द्वेषस् ‘hatred/hostility’)

• समिषा: with nourishment / with strengthening food
• समिषा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्-इषा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘इष्/इषा’ = refreshment/food/strength)

• रभेमहि: may we seize/obtain
• रभेमहि: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रभ् (रभते ‘to seize, take hold, obtain’)