Rig Veda 1.49.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 49, Mantra 1
Sukta 1.49
Rishi: Praskaṇva Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage)
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for RV 1.49; verse-level metrical confirmation recommended)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उषो भद्रेभिरा गहि दिवश्चिद्रोचनादधि । वहन्त्वरुणप्सव उप त्वा सोमिनो गृहम् ॥
Transliteration
uṣo bhadrébhir ā́ gahi diváś cid rocanā́d ádhi | váhantv aruṇá-psava úpa tvā somíno gṛhám ||
Translation
โอ้ อุษัส (Uṣas) แห่งอรุณรุ่ง จงเสด็จมาพร้อมด้วยพลังอันเป็นมงคล แม้จากแดนสว่างไสวแห่งสวรรค์เถิด; ขอพลังอันแดงเรืองรอง (aruṇapsavaḥ) จงพาเธอเข้ามาใกล้ สู่เรือนของผู้แสวงหาโสมะ (Soma) ในหมู่เรา.
Word by Word
उषःO Dawn
उषः:
सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootउषस्- (प्रातिपदिक) < √वस्/उष् (उष् ‘दीप्तौ/प्रकाशे’, उषस् ‘प्रभात’)
भद्रेभिःwith/through auspicious (ones/things)
भद्रेभिः:
करण (instrument/means) [सह-भावः]
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootभद्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
आhither, towards
आ:
क्रियाविशेषण (directional)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
गहिcome!
गहि:
क्रिया (आह्वान/आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गत्यर्थे)
दिवःof heaven
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘द्यौ/दिव्’
चित्even
चित्:
निपात (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
रोचनात्from the shining realm/light
रोचनात्:
अपादान (source: ‘from’)
TypeNoun
Rootरोचन- (प्रातिपदिक) < √रुच् (दीप्तौ)
अधिfrom upon, from above
अधि:
क्रियाविशेषण/सम्बन्ध (locative-over sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वहन्तुlet (them) carry
वहन्तु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वह् (वहने)
अरुणप्सवःthe ruddy/rosy ones (dawn’s steeds/rays)
अरुणप्सवः:
कर्तृ (agents of ‘वहन्तु’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootअरुणप्सु- (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समासः: अरुण- ‘रक्त/अरुण’ + प्सु/प्सव् ‘रूप/आकृति/शोभा’ वैदिक)
उपtowards, near
उप:
क्रियाविशेषण (directional)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म (object of ‘वहन्तु’)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सोमिनःof the Soma-pressing worshipper
सोमिनः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: of the Soma-offerer)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसोमिन्- (प्रातिपदिक) < सोम- + -इन् (मतुप्/इन्-प्रत्यय: ‘possessing Soma’)
गृहम्house, home
गृहम्:
कर्म/अधिकरण (goal as ‘to the house’ with motion)
TypeNoun
Rootगृह- (प्रातिपदिक)
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