Rig Veda 1.48.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 48, Mantra 1
Sukta 1.48
Rishi: Kaṇva
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for RV 1.48; verse-level not independently verified here)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सह वामेन न उषो व्युच्छा दुहितर्दिवः । सह द्युम्नेन बृहता विभावरि राया देवि दास्वती ॥
Transliteration
sahá vā́mena na uṣo vy ùcchā duhitár divaḥ | sahá dyumnéna bṛhatā́ vibhāvari rāyā́ devi dā́svatī ||
Translation
โอ อุษัส (Uṣas) ธิดาแห่งท้องฟ้า จงรุ่งอรุณแก่เราพร้อมด้วยความหวานอันเป็นที่รัก; โอ วิภาวรี (Vibhāvarī) เทวีผู้ส่องกว้าง จงมาพร้อมด้วยรัศมีอันยิ่งใหญ่ และพร้อมด้วยความมั่งคั่งที่หลั่งให้ด้วยตนเอง (rāyā).
Word by Word
सहtogether, along with
सह:
संबन्ध/सहकार (सह-भाव) — क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) / PIE *sem- ‘together’
वामेनwith the favorable (side/hand), graciously
वामेन:
करण (means/with) — ‘with the favorable (hand/side)’
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Noun
Rootवाम (प्रातिपदिक) ‘left; favorable/pleasant’
नःof us, our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation) — ‘our’
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उषःO Uṣas (Dawn)
उषः:
सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
विforth, apart, widely
वि:
क्रियाविशेषक (direction/intensity)
TypePreverb / Indeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग)
उच्छाshine forth, dawn
उच्छा:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वस्/उष्? (Vedic: उच्छा = imperative of √वस् ‘to shine/dawn’ with ud- + vi-; traditional pada: उच्छा from √वस् ‘to shine’, 2nd sg. imp.)
दुहितःO daughter
दुहितः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootदुहितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
दिवःof heaven, of the sky
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — whose daughter
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)
सहtogether with
सह:
सहकार/क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
द्युम्नेनwith splendor, with brilliance
द्युम्नेन:
करण (means) — ‘with splendor’
TypeNoun
Rootद्युम्न (प्रातिपदिक)
बृहताgreat, lofty
बृहता:
विशेषण (qualifier of instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)
विforth, widely
वि:
क्रियाविशेषक
TypePreverb / Indeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग)
भावरिO radiant one (Uṣas)
भावरि:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootविभावरी (प्रातिपदिक) < वि-√भा ‘to shine’
रायाःwith wealth, with bounty
रायाः:
करण (means) — ‘with wealth/bounty’
TypeNoun
Rootराय्/रायि (प्रातिपदिक ‘wealth, bounty’)
देविO goddess
देवि:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक)
दास्वतीO giving one, bountiful
दास्वती:
सम्बोधन-विशेषण
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootदास्वत् (प्रातिपदिक) < √दा ‘to give’ (Vedic possessive ‘giving, bountiful’)
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