Rig Veda 1.42.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 42, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.42
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional attribution for RV 1.42)
Devata: Pūṣan (as guide and protector of the paths; remover of robbers/obstacles)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas; common for directive/prayer verses)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अप त्यं परिपन्थिनं मुषीवाणं हुरश्चितम् । दूरमधि स्रुतेरज ॥
Transliteration
ápa tyáṃ pari-panthínaṃ muṣī-vā́ṇaṃ huraḥ-cítaṃ | dū́ram ádhi srutér aja ||
Translation
จงเหวี่ยงผู้กีดขวางทางรอบด้านนั้น—โจรผู้ลักเอาผลได้ของเรา ผู้ก่อกวนจิตมืดมน—ให้ไกลพ้นรอยทางของเรา. จงขับไล่เขาไปยังแดนอันห่างไกล เหนือกระแสแห่งการก้าวไปโดยชอบธรรม.
Word by Word
अपaway, off
अप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
त्यम्that (him)
त्यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्य (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
परिपन्थिनम्the waylayer, highwayman
परिपन्थिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपरि-पथिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘परिपन्थिन्’)
मुषीवाणम्stealing, thievish
मुषीवाणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (participial)
Rootमुष् (धातु) → मुषीवांस् (कृदन्त, परस्मैपदी; परोक्ष/परिपूर्ण-भावे ‘having stolen’)
हुरश्चितम्even a robber indeed / a robber too
हुरश्चितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective + Indeclinable
Rootहुर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘हुर’ = चोर/लुण्ठक) + चित् (अव्यय ‘even/indeed’)
दूरम्far away
दूरम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial accusative)
Rootदूर (प्रातिपदिक)
अधिfrom, over
अधि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
स्रुतेःfrom the track/road (from the path)
स्रुतेः:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootस्रुति (प्रातिपदिक; √स्रु ‘to flow’ → ‘flow, stream; track/way’)
अजdrive away!
अज:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअज् (धातु; परस्मैपदी) — लोट्/आज्ञार्थे 2 एकवचन
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