Rig Veda 1.22.18: Mandala 1, Sukta 22, Mantra 18
Sukta 1.22
Rishi: Medhātithi Kāṇva
Devata: Viṣṇu
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्रीणि पदा वि चक्रमे विष्णुर्गोपा अदाभ्यः । अतो धर्माणि धारयन् ॥
Transliteration
trīṇi padā vi cakrame viṣṇur gopā adābhyaḥ | ato dharmāṇi dhārayan ||
Translation
วิษณุย่างสามก้าว—ผู้พิทักษ์ผู้ไม่อาจลวงได้ ผู้คุ้มครองฝูงโค; จากกาลนั้นเอง พระองค์ทรงค้ำจุนธรรมะ (dharma) และระเบียบอันชอบธรรมแห่งโลกทั้งหลายไว้.
Word by Word
त्रीणिthree
त्रीणि:
कर्म (पदानि इति विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
पदानिsteps/footprints
पदानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, widely, forth
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
चक्रमेstrode/stepped
चक्रमे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootक्रम् (धातु) + वि
विष्णुःViṣṇu
विष्णुः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
गोपाःprotector/guardian (of cattle, of beings)
गोपाः:
कर्तृ (विष्णोः विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootगोपा (प्रातिपदिक; गो + पा ‘रक्षक’)
अदाभ्यःunassailable, not to be harmed/cheated
अदाभ्यः:
कर्तृ (विष्णोः विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-दाभ्य (प्रातिपदिक; न + दाभ्य ‘क्षय/हिंसा-योग्य’)
अतःfrom that; therefore
अतः:
अपादान (हेतुतः ‘from that/therefore’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः (अव्यय; तस्मात्-अर्थे)
धर्माणिlaws/ordinances; supports
धर्माणि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
धारयन्bearing, upholding
धारयन्:
कर्तृ (विष्णोः क्रियाविशेषणात्मकः)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootधृ (धातु) → धारय (णिच्) + शतृ
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