Rig Veda 1.191.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 191, Mantra 5
Sukta 1.191
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional; see note above)
Devata: Sūrya/Āditya (all-seeing), with an apotropaic focus on exposing the unseen
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify by recension)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एत उ त्ये प्रत्यदृश्रन्प्रदोषं तस्करा इव । अदृष्टा विश्वदृष्टाः प्रतिबुद्धा अभूतन ॥
Transliteration
etá u tye práty adṛśran pradoṣáṃ táskarā iva | adṛ́ṣṭā víśva-dṛṣṭāḥ práti-buddhā abhūtana ||
Translation
พลังเหล่านี้เอง—ดุจโจรยามสนธยา—ถูกนำออกมาให้เห็นและถูกเผชิญหน้า. สิ่งที่มองไม่เห็นกลับเป็นสิ่งที่มองเห็น; เมื่อถูกปลุกให้ตื่นสู่การเห็นอันทั่วสากล (viśva-dṛṣṭi) ก็ถูกสกัดกั้นและถูกเปิดโปง.
Word by Word
एतेthese (ones)
एते:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / एत-
उindeed, just
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात) / उ॒
त्येthose (very ones)
त्ये:
कर्तृ (एते इति सह समन्वयः)
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / त्य- (वैदिक रूप)
प्रतिtowards, against
प्रति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अदृश्रन्they appeared, were seen
अदृश्रन्:
क्रिया (कर्तृ: एते/त्ये)
TypeVerb
Root√दृश् (दर्शन)
प्रदोषम्the dusk, evening-twilight
प्रदोषम्:
कर्म (प्रति-अदृश्रन् इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रदोष (प्रातिपदिक)
तस्कराःthieves
तस्कराः:
कर्तृ/उपमान (इव इत्यनेन)
TypeNoun
Rootतस्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (उपमा-अव्यय)
अदृष्टाःunseen, not noticed
अदृष्टाः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (एते/त्ये)
TypeAdjective (past passive participle)
Root√दृश् → दृष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक); नञ्-पूर्वकः: अ-दृष्ट
विश्वदृष्टाःseen by all / visible to all
विश्वदृष्टाः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (एते/त्ये)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootविश्व + √दृश् → दृष्ट (कृदन्त); समासः: कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि-प्रायः
प्रतिबुद्धाःnoticed, recognized, perceived
प्रतिबुद्धाः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (एते/त्ये)
TypeAdjective (past passive participle)
Rootप्रति-√बुध् (बोधन) → बुद्ध (कृदन्त, भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्त)
अभूतनyou (pl.) became / you came to be
अभूतन:
क्रिया (कर्तृ: एते/त्ये)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भवन) + उपसर्गः अ- (अभू-)
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