Rig Veda 1.18.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 18, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.18
Rishi: Kakṣīvant Dairghatamasa (traditionally for RV 1.18)
Devata: Brahmaṇaspati (with Indra and Soma as associated powers in the verse)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
स घा वीरो न रिष्यति यमिन्द्रो ब्रह्मणस्पतिः । सोमो हिनोति मर्त्यम् ॥
Transliteration
sá ghā vīró ná riṣyati yám índro bráhmaṇas-pátiḥ | sómo hinóti mártyam ||
Translation
วีรบุรุษผู้นั้นย่อมไม่พินาศจริง—เพราะอินทระและพรหมณัสปติ (Brahmaṇaspati) ผลักดันเขาให้ก้าวหน้า และโสมะ (Soma) ก็เร่งเร้าปุถุชน เมื่อพลัง วาจาอันเที่ยงตรง และความปีติรวมเป็นหนึ่งภายในเขา ปุถุชนย่อมถูกขับเคลื่อนไปสู่ชัยชนะ
Word by Word
सःhe (that one)
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → स
घindeed, surely
घ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootघ (निपात) अथवा घा (वैदिक निपात)
वीरःhero, brave man
वीरः:
कर्तृ (सः इति सह समानाधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-निपात) / न (उपमानार्थक) — अत्र उपमानार्थक
रिष्यतिis harmed / suffers injury
रिष्यति:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√रिष् (हिंसायाम्/क्षतौ)
यम्whom
यम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
ब्रह्मणस्पतिःBṛhaspati (lord of prayer)
ब्रह्मणस्पतिः:
कर्तृ (इन्द्रः इति सह समुच्चित/समानाधिकरण-कर्तृ)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मणस्-पति (समासः: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)
सोमःSoma
सोमः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
हिfor, indeed
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
नोतिdrives/impels (on), leads
नोति:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√नु/√नव् (प्रेरणे/गमने) — वैदिक प्रयोगः: ‘नोति’ = ‘प्रेरयति/नेति’
मर्त्यम्a mortal (man)
मर्त्यम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
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