Rig Veda 1.176.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 176, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.176
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional; verify)
Devata: Soma (and/or Indra-Soma protective function)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
असुन्वन्तं समं जहि दूणाशं यो न ते मयः । अस्मभ्यमस्य वेदनं दद्धि सूरिश्चिदोहते ॥
Transliteration
ásunvantaṃ samáṃ jahi dūṇā́śaṃ yó ná te máyaḥ | asmábhyam asyá védaṇaṃ daddhi sū́riś cid ohate ||
Translation
ขอพระองค์ทรงฟาดฟันผู้ไม่คั้นโสมะ ผู้ทำลายผู้ทำให้เสมอและผู้ไม่มอบความปีติของพระองค์แก่ท่านนั้น แต่ขอทรงประทานส่วนแห่งผลกำไรของเขาแก่พวกเรา แม้ผู้เป็นเจ้าแห่งทรัพย์ก็จำต้องยอมให้—เพื่อมิให้ความรื่นรมย์อันชอบธรรมของผู้แสวงหาถูกกั้นไว้
Word by Word
असु॑न्वन्तम्the non-presser (of Soma), the one who does not press
असु॑न्वन्तम्:
कर्म (object of जहि)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअ-√सु (सु ‘to press (Soma)’) → असुन्वन्त् (neg. pres. act. ptcp.)
समम्equally, outright, completely
समम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (manner of जहि)
TypeAdjective/Adverb
Rootसम (prātipadika) / सम ‘equal, same’
जहिstrike! slay!
जहि:
क्रिया (addressed to ‘you’, i.e., Indra)
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (हन ‘to strike, slay’)
दू॒णाशम्the harmful one, the injurer
दू॒णाशम्:
कर्म (object of जहि; in apposition to असुन्वन्तम्)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootदूणाश (prātipadika; ‘harmful, injurious’, RV adj.)
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (of implied verb ‘is/acts’ in relative clause)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun) आधार: य-
नnot
न:
निषेध (negates relation to ‘te’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (particle of negation)
तेof you, your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (possessive relation with मयः)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (2nd pers. pronoun) → ते
मयःbenefit, refreshment, joy
मयः:
कर्म/प्रयोजन (that which he is not ‘for’/does not provide)
TypeNoun
Rootमयस् (prātipadika; ‘delight, refreshment, benefit’)
अ॒स्मभ्य॑म्to us
अ॒स्मभ्य॑म्:
सम्प्रदान (recipient)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (1st pers. pronoun) → अस्मभ्यम्
अस्यof him, of this (one)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive with वेदनम्: ‘of him/this one’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (pronoun) → अस्य
वेद॑नम्wealth, possession
वेद॑नम्:
कर्म (object of दद्धि)
TypeNoun
Rootवेदन (prātipadika; ‘property, possession, wealth’ in RV usage; lit. ‘that which is found/obtained’)
द॒द्धिgive! bestow!
द॒द्धि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√दा (दा ‘to give’) → दद्धि (imperative)
सू॒रिःthe patron, benefactor
सू॒रिः:
कर्ता (of ओहते)
TypeNoun
Rootसूरि (prātipadika; ‘patron, benefactor, lord’)
चि॑त्even
चि॑त्:
निपात (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (particle: ‘even, indeed’)
ओहतेbrings, conveys, procures
ओहते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वह् / √ऊह् (Vedic: ओहते ‘he brings/hauls/sets in motion’; middle)
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