Rig Veda 1.166.7: Mandala 1, Sukta 166, Mantra 7

Sukta 1.166

Rishi: Agastya

Devata: Maruts (in relation to the inner Vīra/Indra-force)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र स्कम्भदेष्णा अनवभ्रराधसोऽलातृणासो विदथेषु सुष्टुताः । अर्चन्त्यर्कं मदिरस्य पीतये विदुर्वीरस्य प्रथमानि पौंस्या ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.166.7

Transliteration

pra skambha-deṣṇā anavabhra-rādhaso 'lātṛṇāso vidatheṣu su-stutāḥ | arcanty arkaṃ madirasya pītaye vidur vīrasya prathamāni paiṃsyā ||

Translation

พวกเขาเป็นเสาหลักแห่งการค้ำจุน การให้ไม่ขาดสาย บุญฤทธิ์ไม่พร่อง; ในสภาพิธี (vidatha) ทั้งหลายย่อมได้รับสรรเสริญอย่างงาม. เขาขับสวดบทสรรเสริญเพื่อการดื่มความรื่นรมย์อันทำให้เคลิบเคลิ้ม (madira); เขารู้พลังวีรกรรมแรกเริ่มของนักรบภายใน (vīra).

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• स्कम्भदे॑ष्णाः: supporting-givers; those who bestow firm support
• स्कम्भदे॑ष्णाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: स्कम्भ-दे॑ष्णा (प्रातिपदिक; from √स्कम्भ ‘to prop/support’ + देष्णा ‘bestowing/giving’)

• अनव॒भ्ररा॑धसः: whose bounty is not deficient; unfailing in gifts
• अनव॒भ्ररा॑धसः: Kartā (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनवभ्र-राधस् (प्रातिपदिक; rādhas ‘bounty, gift’ with neg. prefix an- and avabhra- ‘failing/deficient’)

• अलातृ॒णासः: not paltry; not insignificant
• अलातृ॒णासः: Kartā (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अलातृण (प्रातिपदिक; ‘not grass-like/insignificant’, i.e., not petty; Vedic epithet)

• विदथे॑षु: in the ritual assemblies
• विदथे॑षु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदथ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘assembly, rite, distribution’)

• सुष्टु॑ताः: well-praised
• सुष्टु॑ताः: Kartā (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: सु-√स्तु (PPP ‘well-praised’)

• अर्च॑न्ति: they praise
• अर्च॑न्ति: — (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अर्च् (to praise, sing)

• अर्कम्: a hymn; song of praise
• अर्कम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्क (प्रातिपदिक; ‘hymn, song of praise’)

• मदिरस्य॑: of the intoxicating (soma)
• मदिरस्य॑: — (genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: मदिर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘intoxicating’, esp. soma)

• पी॒तये॑: for drinking
• पी॒तये॑: Sampradāna (purpose/for)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पीति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘drinking’ from √पा ‘to drink’)

• विदुः: they know
• विदुः: — (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (to know)

• वी॒रस्य॑: of the hero
• वी॒रस्य॑: — (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘hero, man’)

• प्रथ॒मानि॒: the foremost (things/deeds)
• प्रथ॒मानि॒: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘first, foremost’)

• पौंस्या॑: manly powers; heroic deeds
• पौंस्या॑: Karma (apposition to ‘प्रथमानि’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौंस्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘manly power, prowess’ from पुंस्)