Rig Veda 1.13.7: Mandala 1, Sukta 13, Mantra 7

Sukta 1.13

Rishi: Medhātithi Kāṇva (traditional attribution for RV 1.13)

Devata: Naktā-Uṣasā (Night and Dawn)

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

नक्तोषासा सुपेशसास्मिन्यज्ञ उप ह्वये । इदं नो बर्हिरासदे ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.13.7

Transliteration

náktōṣā́sā supéśasā asmín yajñá úpa hvaye | idáṃ no bárhir āsáde ||

Translation

ราตรีและอุษา ผู้มีรูปโฉมงดงาม ข้าพเจ้าเชิญท่านทั้งสองให้มาใกล้ยัญพิธีนี้; จงประทับบนบัรหิส (barhis) ของพวกเรา

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Word by Word

• नक्तोषासा: Night-and-Dawn (the two goddesses)
• नक्तोषासा: कर्तृ (आह्वानस्य कर्तारौ)
• Type: Noun (dual compound)
• Root: नक्त- + उषस्- (द्वन्द्व-समास) → नक्तोषासा

• सुपेशसा: beautifully adorned / of lovely appearance (dual)
• सुपेशसा: कर्तृ (कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु- + पेशस् (प्रातिपदिक) → सुपेशस्

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: अधिकरण (स्थान/प्रसङ्गः: ‘in this’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञे: sacrifice, ritual
• यज्ञे: अधिकरण (यत्र आह्वानम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• उप: near, towards (as preverb: ‘hither/nearby’)
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• ह्वये: I invoke, I call
• ह्वये: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ह्वे (ह्वा/ह्वे) ‘आह्वाने’

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: कर्म (आसदनस्य/उपवेशनस्य विषयः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (possessive: ‘our’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• बर्हिः: sacrificial grass (barhis), the ritual seat
• बर्हिः: कर्तृ (आसदनक्रियायाः कर्ता/आधारः—‘the barhis-seat’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• आसदे: to sit upon / to approach (the seat)
• आसदे: क्रिया (उद्देश्यः: ‘for sitting/approaching’)
• Type: Verb (finite; injunctive/imperative-like in Vedic) / also analyzable as infinitival-purpose form in context
• Root: √सद् ‘उपवेशने/आसदने’ + आ- (उपसर्ग) → आ-√सद्