Rig Veda 1.121.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 121, Mantra 2

Sukta 1.121

Rishi: Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa (traditional)

Devata: Ka / Prajāpati (creator-power), with mythic allusions to R̥bhu and primal supports

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स्तम्भीद्ध द्यां स धरुणं प्रुषायदृभुर्वाजाय द्रविणं नरो गोः । अनु स्वजां महिषश्चक्षत व्रां मेनामश्वस्य परि मातरं गोः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.121.2

Transliteration

stambhī́ddha dyā́ṃ sá dharúṇaṃ pruṣāyad ṛbhúrvājā́ya dráviṇaṃ náro góḥ | ánu svajā́ṃ mahiṣáś cakṣata vrā́ṃ ménām áśvasya pári mātáraṃ góḥ ||

Translation

เขาค้ำจุนฟ้าและตั้งรากฐานไว้; ฤภุ (R̥bhu) บีบคั้นทรัพย์สมบัติเพื่อความอุดม (vāja)—ในฐานะ “บุรุษแห่งโค” (naraḥ goḥ). ผู้ทรงเดชได้แลเห็นผู้บังเกิดเอง; เขาได้เห็นเมนา (Menā) ผู้ทำงานกว้างไกล—เขาโอบล้อม “มารดาแห่งโค” และแหล่งกำเนิดลี้ลับของม้าไว้โดยรอบ.

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Word by Word

• स्तम्भीत्: he propped up / made firm
• स्तम्भीत्: Kriyā (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तम्भ् (stambh-)

• द्याम्: the heaven (sky)
• द्याम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ- (prātipadika)

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāman)

• धरुणम्: support, firm foundation
• धरुणम्: Karma (apposition to द्याम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धरुण- (prātipadika; from √धृ ‘to hold’)

• प्रुषायत्: he sprinkled / refreshed
• प्रुषायत्: Kriyā (co-verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रुष्/प्रुषाय् (Vedic; ‘to sprinkle, moisten, refresh’)

• ऋभुः: R̥bhu (the skillful one)
• ऋभुः: Kartā (appositional)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋभु- (prātipadika; name/epithet)

• वाजाय: for strength / for prize (vigor)
• वाजाय: Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज- (prātipadika)

• द्रविणम्: wealth, treasure
• द्रविणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रविण- (prātipadika)

• नरः: men
• नरः: Kartā (of implied action/participants)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर- (prātipadika)

• गोः: of the cow
• गोः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो- (prātipadika)

• अनु: after, along
• अनु: Upasarga/Adverbial
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (avyaya)

• स्वजाम्: his own-born (kinswoman)
• स्वजाम्: Karma (object of ‘saw/recognized’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वजा- (prātipadika; ‘self-born/own-born’, also ‘sister/kinswoman’ in Vedic contexts)

• महिषः: the mighty one / buffalo (epithet)
• महिषः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिष- (prātipadika)

• चक्षत: he saw / beheld
• चक्षत: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: चक्ष् (cakṣ-)

• व्राम्: a mare
• व्राम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रा- / व्रā- (prātipadika; Vedic, ‘mare’/‘she-animal’, contextually a mare)

• मेनाम्: Menā (name)
• मेनाम्: Karma (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेना- (prātipadika; proper name)

• अश्वस्य: of the horse
• अश्वस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व- (prātipadika)

• परि: around
• परि: Upasarga/Adverbial
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (avyaya)

• मातरम्: mother
• मातरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ- (prātipadika)

• गोः: of the cow
• गोः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो- (prātipadika)