Valmiki Ramayana 2.90.6: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 90, Shloka 6

भरद्वाजाश्रमगमनम्

Bharata at Bharadvāja’s Hermitage

Setting: Bharadvāja-āśrama (Prayāga region, near Gaṅgā-Yamunā saṅgama)Places named: Prayāga, Gaṅgā, Yamunā, AyodhyāBharata’s party en route from Ayodhyā toward Citrakūṭa

Devanagari script

ताभ्यामर्घ्यं च पाद्यं च दत्वा पश्चात्फलानि च ।

आनुपूर्व्याच्छ धर्मज्ञः पप्रच्छ कुशलं कुले ॥६॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.90.6

Transliteration

tābhyām arghyaṃ ca pādyaṃ ca datvā paścāt phalāni ca |

ānupūrvyāc ca dharmajñaḥ papraccha kuśalaṃ kule ||6||

Translation

ครั้นถวายอรฺฆยะและน้ำล้างพระบาทแก่ทั้งสองแล้ว ต่อจากนั้นจึงถวายผลไม้ด้วย พระภรทวาชผู้รู้ธรรมได้ไต่ถามตามลำดับอันสมควรถึงความผาสุกของราชวงศ์

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Word by Word

• ताभ्याम्: to/with those two
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्विलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/सह) विभक्ति, द्विवचन; Pronoun, Instrumental, Dual
• Role: सम्प्रदान/सह (सह/करण-भाव)

• अर्घ्यम्: honor-offering
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्घ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; Neuter, Accusative, Singular
• Role: कर्म (कर्मकारक)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय; conjunction
• Role: समुच्चय (सम्बन्ध)

• पाद्यम्: water for washing feet
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; Neuter, Accusative, Singular
• Role: कर्म (कर्मकारक)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय; conjunction
• Role: समुच्चय (सम्बन्ध)

• दत्वा: having given
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having given’
• Role: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (क्रियाविशेषण)

• पश्चात्: afterwards
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात् (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय; adverb of time
• Role: अधिकरण (कालाधिकरण)

• फलानि: fruits
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Neuter, Accusative, Plural
• Role: कर्म (कर्मकारक)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय; conjunction
• Role: समुच्चय (सम्बन्ध)

• आनुपूर्व्यात्: in due order
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आनुपूर्व्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; Ablative used adverbially (क्रियाविशेषण-भाव)
• Role: अपादान (हेतु/क्रम-निमित्त)

• सः: he
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; Pronoun, Nominative, Singular
• Role: कर्ता (कर्तृकारक)

• धर्मज्ञः: knower of righteousness
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक: धर्म + ज्ञ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; Tatpuruṣa (‘knower of dharma’)
• Role: कर्ता (कर्तृकारक)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

• पप्रच्छ: asked/enquired
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रच्छ् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 3rd sg perfect
• Role: क्रिया (मुख्यक्रिया)

• कुशलम्: welfare
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुशल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; Neuter, Accusative, Singular
• Role: कर्म (कर्मकारक)

• कुले: in the family
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; Neuter, Locative, Singular
• Role: अधिकरण (देश/विषयाधिकरण)

Sandhi Notes

• ताभ्यामर्घ्यम् → ताभ्याम् + अर्घ्यम्
• पश्चात्फलानि → पश्चात् + फलानि
• आनुपूर्व्याच्छ → आनुपूर्व्यात् + सः (त् + स → च्छ)

Context

Offering them both in order arghya (welcome-offering), water to wash their feet and fruits in accordance with the practice, he enquired Bharata about the welfare of the family.

The teaching

Atithi-satkāra and orderly inquiry (ānupūrvī) uphold social and spiritual harmony even amid political turmoil.

Ethical theme

Ācāra-dharma (conduct)

How it resolves

Ritual-protocol fulfillment

For your practice

Practice of mindful hospitality and respectful speech as daily sādhana; offering before questioning.

Mood and themes

Rasa

Shanta (peace), with Karuna (compassion)

Mood

Ritual-courteous, measured, understated-grief

Themes

• Dharma
• Maryada
• Itihasa
• Ethics

Symbolism

Relationships

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• Bharadvāja
• Vasiṣṭha
• Bharata
• arghya
• pādya
• fruits (phalāni)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Hospitality performed with order and care: dharma is expressed through correct sequence of reception and considerate inquiry into a guest’s well-being.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharadvāja completes the guest-welcome rites and then begins conversation by asking about the welfare of Bharata’s family.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharadvāja’s courteous adherence to tradition and compassionate concern for others’ welfare.