Valmiki Ramayana 2.81.7: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 81, Shloka 7

एकाशीति तमः सर्गः

Bharata’s Grief, Courtly Summons, and the Assembly Hall

Devanagari script

यो हि न स्सुमहान्नाथस्सोऽपि प्रव्राजितो वनम्।अनया धर्ममुत्सृज्य मात्रा मे राघवस्स्वयम्।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.81.7

Transliteration

yo hi naḥ sumahān nāthaḥ so 'pi pravrājito vanam |

anayā dharmam utsṛjya mātrā me rāghavaḥ svayam ||

Translation

“พระราฆวะ—ผู้เป็นที่พึ่งและผู้คุ้มครองอันยิ่งใหญ่ของพวกเราทั้งปวง—กลับถูกมารดาของข้าพเจ้า ผู้ละทิ้งธรรม ขับให้ไปพำนักในป่าเสียเอง”

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Word by Word

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन (sg.); relative pronoun

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)

• naḥ: our
• naḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (Gen.), बहुवचन (pl.); 'of us/our'

• sumahān: very great
• sumahān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su + mahant (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन (sg.); विशेषण to 'nāthaḥ'

• nāthaḥ: protector/lord
• nāthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nātha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन (sg.)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन (sg.); correlative pronoun

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अपि (also/even)

• pravrājitaḥ: was banished
• pravrājitaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + √vraj (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन (sg.); passive sense: 'was banished'

• vanam: to the forest
• vanam: Gati/Karma (गति/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया (Acc.), एकवचन (sg.)

• anayā: by her
• anayā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), तृतीया (Instr.), एकवचन (sg.); 'by this (woman)'

• dharmam: dharma/righteousness
• dharmam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया (Acc.), एकवचन (sg.)

• utsṛjya: having abandoned
• utsṛjya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud + √sṛj (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund): 'having abandoned'

• mātrā: by (my) mother
• mātrā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), तृतीया (Instr.), एकवचन (sg.)

• me: my
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (Gen.), एकवचन (sg.)

• rāghavaḥ: Raghava (Rama)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन (sg.); subject in apposition to 'saḥ'

• svayam: himself
• svayam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: svayam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; स्वयम् (emphatic: oneself)

Context

Even Rama, a great protector for all of us, has been banished to the forest by my mother bereft of virtuous conduct.

Characters & Entities

• Rāghava (Rāma)
• Kaikeyī
• Bharata
• Śatrughna
• vana (forest)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma must not be abandoned for personal desire; when dharma is forsaken within the royal family, even the most worthy protector can be unjustly expelled.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata condemns the adharma behind Rāma’s exile and recognizes Rāma’s role as the kingdom’s natural guardian.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truthfulness and loyalty to righteousness: Bharata openly acknowledges wrongdoing by his own mother and affirms Rāma’s rightful stature.