Valmiki Ramayana 2.55.32 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 55, Shloka 32

चित्रकूटमार्गोपदेशः

Instructions for the Chitrakuta Route and the Yamuna Crossing

Devanagari script

विचित्रवालुकजलां हंससारसनादिताम्।रेमे जनकराजस्य सुता प्रेक्ष्य तदा नदीम्।।।।

Transliteration

vicitravālukajalāṁ haṁsasārasanāditām | reme janakarājasya sutā prekṣya tadā nadīm ||

Translation

แล้วพระธิดาแห่งท้าวชนกทอดพระเนตรสายน้ำนั้น—ทั้งสายน้ำและหาดทรายชวนรื่นรมย์ ก้องด้วยเสียงหงส์และนกกระเรียน—ก็ทรงปีติยินดียิ่งนัก

Word by Word

• विचित्रवालुकजलाम्: having varied sand and water
• विचित्रवालुकजलाम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विचित्र-वालुका-जल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of नदीम्)

• हंससारसनादिताम्: resounding with swans and cranes
• हंससारसनादिताम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हंस-सारस-नादित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of नदीम्); हंस+सारस (द्वन्द्व) + नादित (PPP)

• रेमे: rejoiced; delighted
• रेमे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्

• जनकराजस्य: of King Janaka
• जनकराजस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनक-राज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• सुता: daughter (Sita)
• सुता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• प्रेक्ष्य: having beheld
• प्रेक्ष्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-ईक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; ‘having seen’

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• नदीम्: the river
• नदीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

Context

Beholding the river Yamuna with its wonderful water and sand echoing with the cackle of swans and cranes, Sita went ecstatic.

Characters & Entities

• Sita
• Janaka
• Yamuna (Kalindi)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as steadiness of mind: Sītā’s capacity to find pure joy in nature during exile models resilience and contentment aligned with righteous endurance.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā sees the river (Yamunā/Kālindī) with birds calling and beautiful sands and waters, and she takes delight in the sight.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s grace, sensitivity to beauty, and emotional strength in adversity.