Atharva Veda 5.30.1: Kanda 5, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 30, Mantra 1

Sukta 30

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

दीघायुष्यम्। आ॒वत॑स्त आ॒वतः॑ परा॒वत॑स्त आ॒वतः॑ । इ॒हैव भ॑व॒ मा नु गा॒ मा पूर्वा॒ननु॑ गाः पि॒तॄनसुं॑ बध्नामि ते दृ॒ढम्

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 5.30.1

IAST Transliteration

dīrghāyúṣyam | ā́vatas te ā́vataḥ parā́vatas te ā́vataḥ | iháiva bhava mā́ nu gā mā́ pū́rvān ánu gāḥ pitṝ́n asúṃ badhnāmi te dṛḍhám ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

For long life. From near for thee, from near; from far for thee, from near. Here verily be; go not away, go not after the former ones, the Fathers: thy breath, thy life, I bind fast for thee.

Translation

เพื่ออายุยืน. จากที่ใกล้ ข้าคุ้มครองท่าน จากที่ใกล้; จากที่ไกล ข้าคุ้มครองท่าน จากที่ใกล้. ท่านจงอยู่ ณ ที่นี่จริงแท้; อย่าไป อย่าตามผู้ที่ไปก่อน—เหล่าบรรพชน (pitṛ). ลมหายใจ ชีวิตของท่าน ข้าผูกยึดไว้ให้มั่นคงเพื่อท่าน.

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Word by Word

• दीर्घायुष्यम्: long-lived; endowed with long life
• दीर्घायुष्यम्: Karma (अभिधेय-वस्तु/आशीर्वचनस्य विषयः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीर्घ- (प्रातिपदिक) + आयुष्य- (प्रातिपदिक)

• आवतः: from this side; from hereabout
• आवतः: Apādāna (दिशा-निर्देशः—‘from this side/region’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ-वतस् (अव्यय/निपात; ‘अव’/‘अवस्’ इत्यस्य दिशावाचक-रूप)

• ते: of you; for you
• ते: Sampradāna (हित/सम्बन्ध—‘for you/your’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आवतः: from this side; from hereabout
• आवतः: Apādāna
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ-वतस् (अव्यय)

• परावतः: from afar; from a distant place
• परावतः: Apādāna
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परा-वतस् (अव्यय; ‘from afar’)

• ते: of you; for you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• आवतः: from this side; from hereabout
• आवतः: Apādāna
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ-वतस् (अव्यय)

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)

• एव: indeed; just
• एव: Adhikaraṇa (इह इत्यस्य अवधारणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)

• भव: be; remain
• भव: — (आज्ञा/विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध-अव्यय)

• नु: now; indeed (particle)
• नु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु (अव्यय/निपात)

• गाः: go
• गाः: — (निषेधाज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गा (धातु—‘गम्’ अर्थे; Vedic)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध-अव्यय)

• पूर्वान्: former; earlier
• पूर्वान्: Karma (अनुगमनस्य विषयः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनु: after; following
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• गाः: go
• गाः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: गा (धातु—‘गम्’ अर्थे)

• पितॄन्: the fathers; ancestors
• पितॄन्: Karma (अनुगमनस्य विषयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• असुम्: life-breath; vital spirit
• असुम्: Karma (बध्नामि इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘प्राण/जीवन’)

• बध्नामि: I bind; I fasten
• बध्नामि: Kartā (अहं—वक्ता/ऋषिः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: बन्ध् (धातु)

• ते: for you; to you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• दृढम्: firmly; tight
• दृढम्: Karaṇa (रीति/प्रकारः—how the binding is done)
• Type: Adjective/Adverb
• Root: दृढ (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (longevity charms frequently ascribed to Atharvan seers in ancillary lists)

Devata: Āyus/Asu (vital breath) with implicit opposition to Mṛtyu; Pitṛs as the avoided destination

Chandas: Mixed/Anuṣṭubh-like cadence (prose-like opening with metrical continuation)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: bhayankara