Atharva Veda 4.40.8: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 4, Sukta 40, Mantra 8

Sukta 40

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ये दि॒शाम॑न्तर्दे॒शेभ्यो॒ जुह्व॑ति जातवेदः सर्वा॑भ्यो दि॒ग्भ्योऽभि॒दास॑न्त्य॒स्मान्। ब्रह्म॒र्त्वा ते परा॑ञ्चो व्यथन्तां प्र॒त्यगे॑नान् प्रतिस॒रेण॑ हन्मि

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 4.40.8

IAST Transliteration

yé diśā́m antardeśébhyo juhváti jātávedaḥ sárvābhyo dígbhyo ’bhidā́santy asmā́n | bráhma ṛtvā́ té parā́ñco vyathantāṃ pratyagé́nān pratisaréṇa hanmi

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Whoso from the in-between regions of the quarters maketh offering, O Jātavedas,—from all the directions they assail us: taking Brahman for the effective stay, let them, turned away, be shaken; with the returning counter-force, with the Pratisara, I smite them down.

Translation

ผู้ใดบูชายัญจากแดนคั่นกลางระหว่างทิศทั้งหลาย โอ ชาตเวทัส (Jātavedas) — เขาทั้งหลายเข้ารุกรานเราจากทุกทิศ. ขอให้เขาทั้งหลายยึดพรหมัน (Brahman) เป็นที่พึ่งอันได้ผล แล้วหันหนีสั่นสะท้านถอยไป; ข้าพเจ้าขจัดเขาลงด้วยแรงต้านที่ย้อนกลับ และด้วยเครื่องคุ้มครอง ปรติสาระ (Pratisara).

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Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दिशाम्: of the directions
• दिशाम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्तर्देशेभ्यः: from the inner regions
• अन्तर्देशेभ्यः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तर्देश (प्रातिपदिक; अन्तर् + देश)

• जुह्वति: they offer (pour as oblation)
• जुह्वति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: हु (धातु)

• जातवेदः: Jātavedas (Agni)
• जातवेदः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: जातवेदस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सर्वाभ्यः: from all
• सर्वाभ्यः: Apādāna
• Type: Adjective/Pronoun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• दिग्भ्यः: from the directions
• दिग्भ्यः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभिदासन्ति: they assail, attack
• अभिदासन्ति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + दस् (धातु; ‘to harm/assail’)

• अस्मान्: us
• अस्मान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्रह्मर्त्वा: by (my) brahman-priestly power/office
• ब्रह्मर्त्वा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: ब्रह्मन् + ऋत्वा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘priestly/ritual office’)

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पराञ्चः: turned away, driven back
• पराञ्चः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पराञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक)

• व्यथन्ताम्: let them be distressed / be shaken
• व्यथन्ताम्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यथ् (धातु)

• प्रत्यगेनान्: those facing toward (us), indeed
• प्रत्यगेनान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (with emphatic particle)
• Root: प्रत्यग् (प्रातिपदिक) + एन (अव्यय/प्रत्ययात्मक बलवाचक)

• प्रतिसरेण: with the amulet / counter-charm
• प्रतिसरेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिसर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘amulet, counter-charm’)

• हन्मि: I strike, I slay
• हन्मि: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (attribution uncertain)

Devata: Agni Jātavedas; Brahman (as power); directions

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (anuṣṭubh-like)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: vira