Atharva Veda 18.3.18: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 3, Mantra 18

Sukta 3

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अ॒ञ्जते॒ व्यऽञ्जते॒ सम॑ञ्जते॒ क्रतुं॑ रिहन्ति॒ मधु॑ना॒भ्यऽञ्जते । सिन्धो॑रुच्छ्वा॒से प॒तय॑न्तमु॒क्षणं॑ हिरण्यपा॒वाः प॒शुमा॑सु गृह्णते

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 18.3.18

IAST Transliteration

añjáte vy-àñjate sám-añjate krátum rihánti mádhunā́bhy-àñjate | síndhor ucchvā́se patáyantam ukṣáṇaṁ hiraṇyapāvā́ḥ paśúmāsu gṛhṇate

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

They anoint, they anoint abroad, they anoint wholly; they lick the purpose, with sweetness they anoint thereon. In Sindhu’s upsurge they seize the flying bull: the golden-purifiers take him among the cattle-wealth.

Translation

เขาทั้งหลายเจิม เขาเจิมไปทั่ว เขาเจิมโดยสิ้นเชิง; เขาเลียเจตนา (ครตุ) ด้วยความหวาน และเจิมทับด้วยน้ำผึ้ง. ในลมหายใจที่พุ่งขึ้นของสินธุ (Sindhu) เขาทั้งหลายฉวยโคผู้บินผู้นั้น; ผู้ชำระให้บริสุทธิ์ดุจทองคำรับเขาไว้ท่ามกลางทรัพย์คือฝูงสัตว์เลี้ยง.

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Word by Word

• अञ्जते: they anoint / smear
• अञ्जते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अञ्ज् (धातु)

• वि: apart, asunder; intensively (prefix)
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग)

• अञ्जते: they anoint
• अञ्जते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अञ्ज् (धातु)

• सम्: together, completely (prefix)
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग)

• अञ्जते: they anoint thoroughly
• अञ्जते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अञ्ज् (धातु)

• क्रतुम्: the resolve / rite / sacred intention
• क्रतुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)

• रिहन्ति: they lick / lap up
• रिहन्ति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: रिह् (धातु)

• मधुना: with honey / with sweetness
• मधुना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: towards, upon (prefix)
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग)

• अञ्जते: they anoint upon
• अञ्जते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अञ्ज् (धातु)

• सिन्धोः: of the river / of the Sindhu
• सिन्धोः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)

• उच्छ्वासे: in the out-breath / in the exhalation (surge)
• उच्छ्वासे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: उच्छ्वास (प्रातिपदिक)

• पतयन्तम्: flying, rushing
• पतयन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: पत् (धातु) → पतयत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ-आधार)

• उक्षणम्: the bull
• उक्षणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उक्षन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• हिरण्यपावाः: the golden-purifiers / gold-cleansers
• हिरण्यपावाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective (agent-noun)
• Root: हिरण्यपाव (प्रातिपदिक; हिरण्य + पाव)

• पशुमासु: among the cattle(-rich ones) / in the herds
• पशुमासु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun (f.)
• Root: पशुमती (प्रातिपदिक)

• गृह्णते: they seize / take hold (of)
• गृह्णते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Pitṛ-hymn tradition (AV 18.3 context; specific r̥ṣi uncertain)

Devata: Consecratory power (madhumat añjana), prosperity/Paśu; implicitly Pitṛs as mediators

Chandas: Jagatī/triṣṭubh-like (dense imagery; AV metrical irregularity possible)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: vira