Jaabaal Upanishad: Verse 3
अथ हैनं ब्रह्मचारिण ऊचुः—किं जप्येनामृतत्वं ब्रूहीति॥ स होवाच याज्ञवल्क्यः—शतरुद्रियेण इति; एतान्येव ह वा अमृतस्य नामानि। एतैर्ह वा अमृतो भवतीति—एवमेवैतद्याज्ञवल्क्यः॥३॥
अथ । ह । एनम् । ब्रह्मचारिणः । ऊचुः । किम् । जप्येन । अमृतत्वम् । ब्रूहि । इति । सः । ह । उवाच । याज्ञवल्क्यः । शत-रुद्रियेण । इति । एतानि । एव । ह । वै । अमृतस्य । नामानि । एतैः । ह । वै । अमृतः । भवति । इति । एवम् एव । एतत् । याज्ञवल्क्यः ॥ ३ ॥
atha hainam brahmacāriṇa ūcuḥ—kiṃ japyenāmṛtatvaṃ brūhīti || sa hovāca yājñavalkyaḥ—śatarudriyeṇa iti; etāny eva ha vā amṛtasya nāmāni | etair ha vā amṛto bhavatīti—evam evaitad yājñavalkyaḥ ||3||
अथ हैनं ब्रह्मचारिण ऊचुः—किं जप्येनामृतत्वं ब्रूहीति॥ स होवाच याज्ञवल्क्यः—शतरुद्रियेण इति; एतान्येव ह वा अमृतस्य नामानि। एतैर्ह वा अमृतो भवतीति—एवमेवैतद्याज्ञवल्क्यः॥३॥
Then the brahmacārins said to him: ‘Tell us—by the repetition of what (japa) does one attain immortality?’ Yājñavalkya replied: ‘By the Śatarudriya.’ These, indeed, are the names of the Immortal; by these, indeed, one becomes immortal—thus (said) Yājñavalkya.
- hainam = ha + enam
- brahmacāriṇa ūcuḥ = brahmacāriṇaḥ + ūcuḥ (visarga elision before vowel)
- kiṃ japyenāmṛtatvam = kim + japyena + amṛtatvam (a-sandhi)
- hovāca = ha + uvāca
- etāny eva = etāni + eva
- etair ha = etaiḥ + ha
- evam evaitat = evam + eva + etat
About this Verse
- Central concept
- Amṛtatva through nāma-upāsanā/japa of Rudra as the Immortal (Brahman)
- The mahavakyas
- Indirect: names and hymns function as upāsanā that culminates in knowledge consonant with ‘prajñānaṃ brahma’ (realization beyond mere recitation) and ‘aham brahmāsmi’ (immortality as identity with Brahman).
- Veda
- Yajur
- Shakha
- Śukla (Vājasaneyī) Yajurveda
- Chandas
- Prose (refers to the Śatarudrīya hymn, which is metrical in its own source)
Yoga and practice
Mantra-japa as sādhana; Rudra-upāsanā for purification and fearlessness; integrating japa with breath (prāṇāyāma) and inner focus (bhrūmadhya) as prepared in the prior mantra; using litany-style recitation to steady attention and dissolve death-anxiety.
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