Rig Veda 7.42.4: Mandala 7, Sukta 42, Mantra 4

Sukta 7.42

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vāsiṣṭha family, Mandala 7)

Devata: Agni (as Atithi, the divine guest)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical scan for certainty)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यदा वीरस्य रेवतो दुरोणे स्योनशीरतिथिराचिकेतत् । सुप्रीतो अग्निः सुधितो दम आ स विशे दाति वार्यमियत्यै ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 7.42.4

Transliteration

yadā vī́rasya revató duroṇé syónáśīr átithir ācíketat | suprī́to agníḥ sudhíto dámé ā́ sá viśé dāti vā́ryam íyatyai ||

Translation

Gdy w domu silnego i zamożnego zostanie rozpoznany gość przynoszący szczęśliwe mieszkanie, wtedy Agni, dobrze zadowolony, dobrze ustanowiony w domu, daje ludowi pożądane bogactwa na ich postępującą podróż.

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Word by Word

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)

• वीरस्य: of the hero/valiant man
• वीरस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)

• रेवतः: of the wealthy/splendid
• रेवतः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रेवत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुरोणे: in the house/dwelling
• दुरोणे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुरोण (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्योनशीर: resting on a pleasant bed; comfortably lodged
• स्योनशीर: Kartā (with अतिथिः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्योन-शीर (समास; प्रातिपदिक)

• अतिथिः: the guest
• अतिथिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)

• आचिकेतत्: noticed/recognized; became aware
• आचिकेतत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चित् (चेतति) with आ-; reduplicated aorist stem

• सुप्रीतः: well-pleased
• सुप्रीतः: Kartā (with अग्निः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु- + प्रीत (PPP from √प्री)

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुधितः: well-set/well-placed; well-kindled
• सुधितः: Kartā (with अग्निः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु- + धित (PPP from √धा)

• दमे: in the house/home
• दमे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards; forth
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• सः: he (that one)
• सः: Kartā (refers to अग्निः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• विशे: to the clan/settlement (people)
• विशे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश् (प्रातिपदिक)

• दाति: gives
• दाति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (ददाति)

• वार्यम्: a boon/choice gift
• वार्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वार्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• इयत्यै: for coming/approaching; for attainment
• इयत्यै: प्रयोजन-द्योतक (Dative of purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इयति (स्त्री; abstract noun from √इ/√या ‘to go/come’ in Vedic usage)