Rig Veda 7.42.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 42, Mantra 3

Sukta 7.42

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vāsiṣṭha family, Mandala 7)

Devata: Agni as Hotar; also the collective Devas invited

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical scan for certainty)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

समु वो यज्ञं महयन्नमोभिः प्र होता मन्द्रो रिरिच उपाके । यजस्व सु पुर्वणीक देवाना यज्ञियामरमतिं ववृत्याः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 7.42.3

Transliteration

sámu vo yajñáṃ mahayan námobhiḥ prá hotā́ mandró ririce upāké | yájasva sú purvaṇīka devā́nā yájñiyām arámatim vavṛtyāḥ ||

Translation

W harmonii uwielbiam waszą ofiarę aktami czci; radosny Hotar został posłany blisko. Składaj ofiarę pięknie bogom o pradawnym obliczu; odwróć umysł nieprawości i ustanów umysł godny ofiary.

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Word by Word

• समु: together; now, in conjunction
• समु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग) + उ (अव्यय/उद्गार) → समु (निपात)

• वः: to you; of you (pl.)
• वः: Sampradāna (दत्त्यर्थे) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• यज्ञम्: sacrifice; ritual offering
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) < √यज्

• महयन्: magnifying; exalting
• महयन्: Kartā (सह-प्र होता) / क्रियाविशेषणभावे
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √मह् (महयति) / √मंह् (वर्धने)

• नमोभिः: with acts of homage; with reverences
• नमोभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √नम्

• प्र: forth; forward; pre-eminently
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• होता: the Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
• होता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ (प्रातिपदिक) < √हु

• मन्द्रः: gladdening; pleasant-voiced
• मन्द्रः: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• रिरिचे: has poured out; has bestowed
• रिरिचे: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रिच् (रिक्ते/रिणक्ति; ‘to pour out, to empty, to bestow’)

• उपाके: in the vicinity; near at hand
• उपाके: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपाक (प्रातिपदिक) < उप + आ + √अञ्च्/अक् (निकटार्थे) (स्थानीय/वेदिक)

• यजस्व: sacrifice! worship!
• यजस्व: Kartā (आह्वानितः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √यज्

• सु: well; duly
• सु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु (अव्यय)

• पूर्वणीक: O thou of ancient/foremost aspect
• पूर्वणीक: — (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective (voc.)
• Root: पूर्व-नीक (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having former/precedent face/appearance’; वेदिक विशेषण)

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञियाम्: worthy of sacrifice; fit for worship
• यज्ञियाम्: Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यज्ञिय (प्रातिपदिक) < √यज्

• अमतिम्: folly; lack of right thought
• अमतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘unwisdom/folly’ अथवा ‘non-thought’; वेदिक)

• ववृत्याः: turn away; avert
• ववृत्याः: Kartā (आह्वानितः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृत् (ववर्ते/ववृते; ‘to turn, to avert’)