Varaha Purana 39.57: Adhyaya 39, Shloka 57

Discrimination of the Three Bodies and the Dharaṇī Vow: A Manual for Dvādaśī Observance

Devanagari script

ताम्रपात्रैश्च सतीलैः स्थगितान् कारयेद् घटान् । तत्र सज्जलपात्रस्थं ब्राह्मणाय कुटुम्बिने ॥ ३९.५७ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 39.57

Transliteration

tāmrapātraiś ca satilaiḥ sthagitān kārayed ghaṭān | tatra sajjalapātrasthaṃ brāhmaṇāya kuṭumbine || 39.57 ||

Translation

Hendaklah disuruh menyediakan tempayan (ghaṭa) yang ditutup dengan bejana tembaga serta disertai biji wijen (tilā) menurut ketetapan. Dari situ, hendaklah diberikan kepada seorang brāhmaṇa berumah tangga sebuah bejana berisi air yang telah disiapkan.

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Word by Word

• ताम्र-पात्रैः: with copper vessels
• ताम्र-पात्रैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ताम्र (प्रातिपदिक) + पात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः: ‘ताम्रस्य पात्रम्’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Instrumental plural)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• स-तीलैः: together with sesame (seeds)
• स-तीलैः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (सह) + तिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सह-तत्पुरुषसमास; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; (घटान्/पात्रान् इत्यादि) विशेषणम्—‘तिलसहितैः’

• स्थगितान्: covered, closed
• स्थगितान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्थगित (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from स्थग्/स्थगय्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle); पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; घटान् इति विशेषणम् (covered/closed)

• कारयेत्: should have (them) made / should cause to be prepared
• कारयेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + णिच् (causative)
• Form: णिजन्त (causative) धातु; विधिलिङ् (optative); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (should cause to be made)

• घटान्: pots, jars
• घटान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: घट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Accusative plural)

• तत्र: there, in that (pot/vessel)
• तत्र: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)

• स-जला-पात्र-स्थम्: placed in a water-filled vessel
• स-जला-पात्र-स्थम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (सह) + जल (प्रातिपदिक) + पात्र (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुपद-तत्पुरुषसमास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; (दानवस्तु) विशेषणम्—‘जलेन सहिते पात्रे स्थितम्’

• ब्राह्मणाय: to a Brahmin
• ब्राह्मणाय: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; चतुर्थी विभक्ति, एकवचन (Dative singular)

• कुटुम्बिने: to the householder (family man)
• कुटुम्बिने: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुटुम्बिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; चतुर्थी विभक्ति, एकवचन; ब्राह्मणाय इति विशेषणम् (householder/with family)

Speaker

Varāha (default speaker per dialogue framework)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Dāna (Gift-Ethics)
• Sanskrit Philology

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects Purāṇic-era gift-ethics (dāna-dharma) and the material culture of ritual charity, where items like water-vessels, sesame, and copper containers appear as standardized donation media in Sanskrit normative literature.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific geographic toponym is explicit in this verse; it is a procedural instruction not tied to a named sacred site in the provided fragment.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

To perform structured charitable giving—preparing and offering practical necessities (notably water in a vessel), directed toward an eligible recipient (here, a householder brāhmaṇa), emphasizing orderly generosity rather than coercive obligation.