Rig Veda Sukta 110
Mandala 9Sukta 11012 Mantras

Sukta 110

Sukta 9.110

Rishi

Pavam01na Soma hymn tradition (RV 9.110; specific r63i not supplied here)

Devata

Soma Pavam01na

Himne Soma Pavamāna ini memuji Soma ketika ia “mengalir” melalui penapis, mara ke hadapan untuk meraih kelimpahan, kemasyhuran, dan kekuatan kepahlawanan bagi si pelaksana korban. Soma diseru sebagai kuasa penakluk yang mengepung dan memecahkan halangan (vṛtra), membawa pemuja melampaui para pembenci dan beban hutang, serta menghalau kuasa-kuasa bermusuhan dan musuh batin. Tujuan himne ini bersifat ritual—memperkasakan pemerasan dan persembahan Soma—dan juga pelindung, memohon kemenangan, penyucian, dan semangat gagah tanpa gentar.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 9.110

Mantras

Mantra 1

पर्यू षु प्र धन्व वाजसातये परि वृत्राणि सक्षणिः । द्विषस्तरध्या ऋणया न ईयसे ॥

Bergeraklah mengelilingi segala arah dan mara ke hadapan demi kemenangan kelimpahan; meliputi halangan-halangan, engkau berkuasa menundukkannya. Demi kami engkau melampaui para pembenci, menyeberangi hutang dan kekurangan.

Mantra 2

अनु हि त्वा सुतं सोम मदामसि महे समर्यराज्ये । वाजाँ अभि पवमान प्र गाहसे ॥

Mengikuti engkau, wahai Soma yang diperah, kami memasuki ekstasi demi kemaharajaan dalam kerajaan-pertempuran. Wahai Pavamāna, engkau menerjah maju menuju kelimpahan-kelimpahan daya.

Mantra 3

अजीजनो हि पवमान सूर्यं विधारे शक्मना पयः । गोजीरया रंहमाणः पुरंध्या ॥

Engkau sesungguhnya, wahai Pavamāna, telah melahirkan Surya; demi penopang yang luas engkau menempatkan susu yang menyuburkan itu dengan kekuatanmu. Dengan dorongan-lembu engkau meluncur pantas, datang dengan kepenuhan yang menyempurnakan.

Mantra 4

अजीजनो अमृत मर्त्येष्वाँ ऋतस्य धर्मन्नमृतस्य चारुणः । सदासरो वाजमच्छा सनिष्यदत् ॥

Engkau telah menjelmakan yang abadi dalam kalangan yang fana, menegakkan dharma Ṛta—gerak indah keabadian. Sentiasa mengalir, engkau mendesak menuju kepenuhan, mencari perolehannya yang teguh.

Mantra 5

अभ्यभि हि श्रवसा ततर्दिथोत्सं न कं चिज्जनपानमक्षितम् । शर्याभिर्न भरमाणो गभस्त्योः ॥

Berkali-kali, dengan kekuatan pendengaran ilhamimu, engkau menembus keluar—seperti mata air yang tidak susut untuk diminum manusia. Bukan dibawa oleh anak panah, engkau didukung di kedua telapak—para pemikul sinar-sinarmu.

Mantra 6

आदीं के चित्पश्यमानास आप्यं वसुरुचो दिव्या अभ्यनूषत । वारं न देवः सविता व्यूर्णुते ॥

Kemudian sebahagian, tatkala melihat kekayaan terdalam (āpyam), para yang ilahi, pemilik harta yang bercahaya, memujinya. Seperti Savitṛ membuka selubung, demikianlah dewa menyingkap penutup, menzahirkan cahaya yang tersembunyi.

Mantra 7

त्वे सोम प्रथमा वृक्तबर्हिषो महे वाजाय श्रवसे धियं दधुः । स त्वं नो वीर वीर्याय चोदय ॥

Padamu, wahai Soma, para pengorban pertama yang menghamparkan barhis menaruh dhī (fikiran-ilham) demi kelimpahan yang besar dan kemasyhuran yang mengilhamkan. Maka engkau, wahai wira, doronglah kami menuju vīrya (daya kepahlawanan).

Mantra 8

दिवः पीयूषं पूर्व्यं यदुक्थ्यं महो गाहाद्दिव आ निरधुक्षत । इन्द्रमभि जायमानं समस्वरन् ॥

Dari langit mereka memerah pīyūṣa yang purba—yang layak bagi ukthya (nyanyian pujian)—dari kedalaman langit yang maha luas; dan ketika Indra lahir dalam diri kami, segala kekuatan berhimpun dan bersuara bersama dalam penegasan.

Mantra 9

अध यदिमे पवमान रोदसी इमा च विश्वा भुवनाभि मज्मना । यूथे न निष्ठा वृषभो वि तिष्ठसे ॥

Maka, wahai Pavamāna, apabila Engkau melingkupi dua alam ini dan segala kewujudan dengan kebesaran-Mu, Engkau berdiri terserlah laksana lembu jantan di hadapan kawanan—teguh bertegak, nyata dalam daya-Mu.

Mantra 10

सोमः पुनानो अव्यये वारे शिशुर्न क्रीळन्पवमानो अक्षाः । सहस्रधारः शतवाज इन्दुः ॥

Soma, menyucikan dirinya dalam penapis yang tidak pernah luput, mengalir bagaikan anak kecil yang bermain, menempuh jalur-jalurnya; Indu menjadi daya seribu-aliran, membawa seratus kepenuhan kuasa.

Mantra 11

एष पुनानो मधुमाँ ऋतावेन्द्रायेन्दुः पवते स्वादुरूर्मिः । वाजसनिर्वरिवोविद्वयोधाः ॥

Inilah Indu: menyucikan dirinya, kaya-madu dan mengetahui Ṛta (Tertib Benar), mengalir untuk Indra dengan ombak yang manis; ia memenangi kepenuhan daya, menemukan keluasan bagi kewujudan, dan menegakkan kuasa-kuasa hayat.

Mantra 12

स पवस्व सहमानः पृतन्यून्त्सेधन्रक्षांस्यप दुर्गहाणि । स्वायुधः सासह्वान्त्सोम शत्रून् ॥

Mengalirlah, wahai Soma, menewaskan para penyerang; halaukan kuasa-kuasa penyelewengan dan rintangan yang sukar ditangkap. Berbekalkan kekuatan aslimu sendiri, tumpaskanlah, wahai Soma, musuh-musuh di dalam diri.

Inside Sukta 110

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    Soma is urged to move all around and surge forward for victory and plenitude, encircling and mastering obstacles.

  2. Development

    The hymn expands Soma’s role: he carries the worshipper beyond haters and diminishment, inspires the sacrificial thought of the first offerers, and is asked to propel the community toward heroic power and renown.

  3. Climax

    Soma is invoked as a conquering force who actively drives away rakṣas and the hard-to-seize hindrances, overpowering enemies by his own native might.

  4. Where it settles

    The hymn closes in protective assurance: Soma’s purified flow becomes a weaponed safeguard, securing triumph over both external adversaries and inner foes.

The deity: Soma Pavamāna

  • In the VedaSoma is praised as the pressed and filtered (pavamāna) sacred draught, bright, swift, and victorious, moving through the woolen sieve to become fit for the gods. He is addressed as a hero who overcomes obstructers, protects from hostile beings (rakṣas), and grants strength, wealth, and inspired hearing.
  • Cosmic functionAs the purified essence, Soma mediates between human offering and divine power—revitalizing the gods, sustaining ṛta (right order) through consecrated sacrifice, and empowering victory and increase in the world.
  • Inner significanceSoma Pavamāna symbolizes clarified consciousness: the mind’s nectar when purified through discipline and truth, enabling one to cross inner ‘debts’ (limitations), defeat hostile impulses, and awaken heroic energy (vīrya).

The seer

  • Pavamāna Soma hymn tradition (anonymous/collective seer)Book 9 is a specialized anthology of Soma Pavamāna hymns, often transmitted through priestly lineages where individual author names are not always preserved; the ‘seer’ is effectively the Soma-poet tradition focused on the flowing, purified Soma.

Famous verses

पर्यू षु प्र धन्व वाजसातये परि वृत्राणि सक्षणिः । द्विषस्तरध्या ऋणया न ईयसे ॥
Verse 9.110.1Sets the hymn’s keynote: Soma’s all-encompassing forward motion that wins vāja, masters vṛtra-like obstructions, and carries the worshipper beyond hatred and ‘debts’ (limitations).Read verse 9.110.1 →
त्वे सोम प्रथमा वृक्तबर्हिषो महे वाजाय श्रवसे धियं दधुः । स त्वं नो वीर वीर्याय चोदय ॥
Verse 9.110.7Connects Soma with the primordial sacrificers and the establishment of inspired intention (dhī) for great strength and fame; includes the direct prayer to be urged toward vīrya (heroic power).Read verse 9.110.7 →
स पवस्व सहमानः पृतन्यून्त्सेधन्रक्षांस्यप दुर्गहाणि । स्वायुधः सासह्वान्त्सोम शत्रून् ॥
Verse 9.110.12Protective culmination: Soma as conqueror who repels rakṣas and elusive obstacles, overpowering enemies with inherent power—an explicit inner-and-outer victory formula.Read verse 9.110.12 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Purifying flow through the filter (pavamāna)
  • Bestower of vāja (strength/plenitude) and śravas (fame/inspired hearing)
  • Obstacle-breaker (vṛtra-han/obstruction-overcomer)
  • Protector against rakṣas and hostile forces
  • Warrior-like, urging heroic power (vīrya)
  • Swift, encompassing, and forward-driving energy

Also by this seer

  • Numerous Pavamāna (filtered Soma) hymns across Rig Veda Mandala 9 attributed broadly to Soma-poets/ritual families rather than a single identifiable rishi
  • Liturgical shaping of Soma imagery: purification, victory over Vṛtra/obstacles, bestowal of vāja (strength/plenitude) and śravas (renown)

The rite, step by step

  • Press Soma stalks (or ritual Soma substitute in later practice) to express the juice
  • Mix and cleanse with water; guide the flow through the woolen filter (pavitra)
  • Recite/chant Pavamāna verses as Soma ‘runs’ and brightens
  • Collect the purified Soma in vessels; prepare libations
  • Offer Soma to the deities (notably Indra and others) with accompanying śastra/stotra and fire offerings
  • Conclude with petitions for protection, victory, and increase for patron and community

Offerings

  • Purified Soma juice (primary)
  • Water used in cleansing/flow
  • Ghee and ancillary oblations into Agni (contextual to Soma rite)

Frequently Asked Questions

It praises Soma as he is purified (pavamāna) through the filter and asks him to bring strength, abundance, and victory while removing obstacles and hostility.

In Vedic language, obstacles include both outer opposition (rivals, harm) and inner hindrances (fear, weakness, confusion). Soma is asked to overcome both.

It is suited to Soma pressing and filtration: it is recited while Soma flows through the pavitra (filter) and is prepared for offering, strengthening the rite’s protective and invigorating power.

Ask anything about Sukta 110 of the Rig Veda

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