Rig Veda 8.80.3: Mandala 8, Sukta 80, Mantra 3
Sukta 8.80
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
किमङ्ग रध्रचोदनः सुन्वानस्यावितेदसि । कुवित्स्विन्द्र णः शकः ॥
Transliteration
kím aṅga radhra-códanaḥ sunvānásyāvitéd asi | kúvit sv indra ṇaḥ śákaḥ ||
Translation
हे रध्र-चोदन (कुटिलता दाबणारा प्रेरक), सोम पिळणाऱ्या (सुन्वान) जनाचा तू स्पष्ट सहाय्यक का होत नाहीस? हे इंद्रा, तू खरोखरच आमच्यासाठी समर्थ होशील का—आपली शक्ती प्रभावी सहाय्यात रूपांतरित करून?
Word by Word
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma (प्रश्नार्थे—‘किम्?’)
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (प्रश्न-सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अङ्गindeed, pray
अङ्ग:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअङ्ग (निपात)
रध्रचोदनःthe impeller of the needy/weak (epithet)
रध्रचोदनः:
Kartā/सम्बोधन-सम्बन्ध (इन्द्रस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootरध्र-चोदन (समास-प्रातिपदिक; ‘रध्र’ + ‘चोदन’)
सुन्वानस्यof the Soma-pressing (worshipper)
सुन्वानस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of the Soma-presser’)
TypeParticiple (adjectival)
Rootसु (धातु ‘to press (Soma)’) → सुन्वान (वर्तमान कृदन्त, शतृ) + षष्ठी
अवितेO protector
अविते:
सम्बोधन (address to Indra as protector)
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootअवि (धातु ‘to protect’) → अवितृ (agent noun) → अविते
असिyou are
असि:
— (copula)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु ‘to be’)
कुवित्whether indeed? perhaps?
कुवित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकु + वित् (निपात; संशय/प्रश्नार्थ)
स्वित्pray, I wonder
स्वित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित् (निपात; प्रश्न/संशय-प्रबलक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःto us, for us / of us
नः:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (to us / for us)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
शकःcan you? are you able?
शकः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootशक् (धातु ‘to be able’) → शक (2nd sg. injunctive/optative-type Vedic form)
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