Rig Veda Sukta 5
Mandala 5Sukta 511 Mantras

Sukta 5

Sukta 5.5

Rishi

Atri (Ātreya tradition) (RV 5.5)

Devata

Agni (Jātavedas)

Chandas

Gāyatrī

हे सूक्त घृताने अग्नि जातवेदसाला प्रज्वलित करते आणि त्याला तेजस्वी सर्वज्ञ म्हणून स्तुत करते—जो हविर्भाग वहन करतो आणि यजमानाच्या जीवनात ऋत (योग्य व्यवस्था) जागृत करतो. ते ठोस आहुती-कर्मापासून सुरू होऊन व्यापक विश्वसामंजस्यांकडे जाते—विशेषतः “ऋताच्या माता” म्हणून वर्णिलेल्या रात्रि व उषेच्या लयबद्ध क्रमाकडे—आणि शेवटी स्वाहा-सूत्रांत परिणत होते, ज्यांद्वारे अर्पण अनेक देवतांपर्यंत आणि अखेरीस सर्व देवांपर्यंत विस्तारते.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 5.5

Mantras

Mantra 1

सुसमिद्धाय शोचिषे घृतं तीव्रं जुहोतन । अग्नये जातवेदसे ॥

सुसमिद्ध शोचिष्—उत्तमरीत्या प्रज्वलित ज्वाला—यासाठी तीव्र घृताहुती अर्पण करा; जातवेदस् अग्निलाच समर्पित करा.

Mantra 2

नराशंसः सुषूदतीमं यज्ञमदाभ्यः । कविर्हि मधुहस्त्यः ॥

नराशंस—अदाभ्य (अपराजेय) कवी—हा सुषूदती (सुगतीने प्रवहमान) यज्ञ सिद्ध करतो; कारण तो मधुहस्त्य (मधुर-हस्त) कवी आहे.

Mantra 3

ईळितो अग्न आ वहेन्द्रं चित्रमिह प्रियम् । सुखै रथेभिरूतये ॥

हे अग्नि, स्तुत व आहूत होऊन, इंद्राला—या यज्ञस्थळी—विचित्ररूप, प्रिय प्रभूला, सुखद रथांनी आमच्या सहाय्यासाठी येथे आण.

Mantra 4

ऊर्णम्रदा वि प्रथस्वाभ्यर्का अनूषत । भवा नः शुभ्र सातये ॥

हे ऊर्णम्रदा (गाठींना मृदू करून उलगडणारी) दीप्त शक्ती, तू विस्तार पाव; आमच्या स्तोत्र-ऋचा तुझ्याकडे अनुनादित झाल्या आहेत. सत्यलाभाच्या प्राप्तीसाठी आमच्यासाठी उज्ज्वल सहाय्यक हो.

Mantra 5

देवीर्द्वारो वि श्रयध्वं सुप्रायणा न ऊतये । प्रप्र यज्ञं पृणीतन ॥

हे देवी द्वारो, तुम्ही विस्तीर्णपणे उघडा; सुप्रायणा (सुगम मार्ग) होऊन आमच्या रक्षणासाठी व्हा. पुढे, पुढे—यज्ञ भरून काढा, तो परिपूर्ण करा.

Mantra 6

सुप्रतीके वयोवृधा यह्वी ऋतस्य मातरा । दोषामुषासमीमहे ॥

सुंदर मुखांच्या, आमचा प्राणबल वाढविणाऱ्या, ऋताच्या महाशक्तिमान माता—रात्र आणि उषा—त्यांना आम्ही शोधतो आणि आपल्या जवळ बोलावितो.

Mantra 7

वातस्य पत्मन्नीळिता दैव्या होतारा मनुषः । इमं नो यज्ञमा गतम् ॥

हे दिव्य होतृगण, वायूच्या मार्गावर स्तुत, मनुष्याचे सेवक—या आमच्या यज्ञास या.

Mantra 8

इळा सरस्वती मही तिस्रो देवीर्मयोभुवः । बर्हिः सीदन्त्वस्रिधः ॥

इळा, सरस्वती आणि मही—आनंदस्वरूप तीन देवी—अस्रिध (अच्युत) होऊन पवित्र बर्हीवर आसनस्थ होवोत.

Mantra 9

शिवस्त्वष्टरिहा गहि विभुः पोष उत त्मना । यज्ञेयज्ञे न उदव ॥

हे त्वष्टृ, शिवस्वरूप होऊन येथे ये—पोषणशक्तीत व्यापक, आणि आपल्या स्वभावबळानेही; यज्ञोयज्ञी आम्हाला उन्नत कर व आमचे पोषण कर.

Mantra 10

यत्र वेत्थ वनस्पते देवानां गुह्या नामानि । तत्र हव्यानि गामय ॥

हे वनस्पते, जिथे तू देवतांची गुह्य नावे जाणतोस, तिथेच हव्यांना घेऊन जा.

Mantra 11

स्वाहाग्नये वरुणाय स्वाहेन्द्राय मरुद्भ्यः । स्वाहा देवेभ्यो हविः ॥

स्वाहा अग्नीसाठी, वरुणासाठी; स्वाहा इंद्रासाठी, मरुद्गणांसाठी; स्वाहा—हे हवी देवांसाठी.

Inside Sukta 5

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    A direct injunction to pour intense ghee into the well-kindled, blazing Agni Jātavedas.

  2. Development

    Agni’s role expands from altar-flame to cosmic mediator, tying the sacrifice to ṛta and to the life-giving rhythm of time; Night and Dawn appear as nurturing “Mothers of Ṛta.”

  3. Climax

    The offering becomes universalized through the svāhā declarations, linking Agni’s reception to the wider divine order (Varuṇa, Indra, Maruts).

  4. Where it settles

    A final dedication of the oblation “to the gods” collectively, closing the hymn as a complete ritual act.

The deity: Agni

  • In the VedaAgni is the well-kindled, blazing śociṣ (radiance), the household and altar fire, and Jātavedas—“knower of all births/creatures”—who receives ghee and conveys the oblation to the gods.
  • Cosmic functionMediator between human and divine realms; transformer of offerings into subtle reach, maintaining ṛta through sacrifice and powering the daily renewal mirrored in dawn cycles.
  • Inner significanceThe awakened flame of discernment and aspiration: the inner fire that digests experience, purifies intention, and carries prayer from speech into realized force.

The seer

  • Atri (Ātreya)Ātreya (Atri-gotra) · One of the foremost ṛṣis of the Rig Veda, famed for Agni-hymns and for articulating the link between sacrificial fire, ṛta (cosmic order), and human well-being; remembered in later tradition among the Saptarṣi.

Famous verses

agnaye jātavedase
Verse 5.5.1Sets the ritual core of the sukta: Agni is already well-kindled, and the primary act is the ghee oblation to Jātavedas, establishing Agni as knower and awakener.Read verse 5.5.1 →
ṛtasya mātarā
Verse 5.5.6Introduces the cosmic rhythm supporting the sacrifice—Night and Dawn as ‘Mothers of Ṛta’—showing that right worship aligns with right time and order.Read verse 5.5.6 →
svāhā devebhyo haviḥ
Verse 5.5.11Provides the liturgical culmination with svāhā-formulas, expanding the offering from Agni to major deities and finally to all devas, sealing the rite.Read verse 5.5.11 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Jātavedas (knower of births)
  • Dūta (divine messenger)
  • Śociṣmat (radiant)
  • Havyavāhana (carrier of offerings)
  • Pāvaka (purifier)
  • Gṛhapati (lord of the home/altar)

Also by this seer

  • A large portion of Rig Veda Maṇḍala 5 is attributed to the Ātreyas (Atri’s lineage).
  • Associated with multiple Agni and Soma hymns within the Ātreya corpus (Maṇḍala 5).
  • Later Vedic/Itihāsa-Purāṇa tradition connects Atri with the Ātreya family of seers and with the sage Dattātreya in post-Vedic memory.

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare the altar/fireplace and kindle Agni carefully (susamiddha).
  • Recite the opening gāyatrī verses while establishing steady flame and attention.
  • Offer ghee in measured oblations (āhuti) with invocations to Agni Jātavedas.
  • Invoke the wider ṛta-cycle (Night and Dawn) as supportive powers for right timing and vitality.
  • Conclude with svāhā-formulas extending the offering to key deities and finally to all devas, sealing the rite.

Offerings

  • Ghṛta (clarified butter)
  • Havis (general oblation, e.g., ghee/food-offering)

Frequently Asked Questions

Its main purpose is to kindle and honor Agni Jātavedas with ghee, asking him to carry the offering and establish ṛta (right order) and vitality in life.

Night (Doṣā) and Dawn (Uṣas) mark the sacred rhythm of time; calling them “Mothers of Ṛta” teaches that worship and life flourish when aligned with cosmic order and proper timing.

It is a formal dedication of the oblation: first to specific gods (Agni, Varuṇa, Indra, the Maruts) and then to all the devas, completing the offering in a universal way.

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