Valmiki Ramayana 2.79.11: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 79, Shloka 11

भरतस्य राज्यत्यागः तथा रामानयनप्रतिज्ञा

Bharata Rejects Kingship and Vows to Bring Rama Back

Spoken by BharataPlaces named: वनIntended arrival at Rama’s forest abode (toward Citrakūṭa contextually)

Devanagari script

तत्रैवं तं नरव्याघ्रमभिषिच्य पुरस्कृतम् ।

आनेष्यामि तु वै रामं हव्यवाहमिवाध्वरात् ॥११॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.79.11

Transliteration

tatraivaṃ taṃ naravyāghram abhiṣicya puraskṛtam |

āneṣyāmi tu vai rāmaṃ havyavāham ivādhvarāt ||11||

Translation

അവിടെ ആ നരവ്യാഘ്രനായ രാമനെ അഭിഷേകം ചെയ്ത്, അവനെ മുൻപിൽ നിർത്തി, യാഗത്തിൽ നിന്നു ഹവ്യവാഹ അഗ്നിയെ പുറത്തെടുക്കുന്നതുപോലെ ഞാൻ തീർച്ചയായും രാമനെ തിരിച്ചുകൊണ്ടുവരും.

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Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (locative adverb: there)
• Role: अधिकरण (Location)

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (thus/in this way)
• Role: प्रकार (Manner)

• तम्: him
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन
• Role: कर्म (Karma/Object)

• नरव्याघ्रम्: tiger among men
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरव्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक: नर + व्याघ्र)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; कर्मधारय (नरः एव व्याघ्रः = tiger among men)
• Role: कर्म-विशेषण (Appositive to object)
• Compound: Karmadharaya

• अभिषिच्य: having crowned
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-षिच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘अभिषेकं कृत्वा’ (having anointed/crowned)
• Role: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)

• पुरस्कृतम्: placed in front/led forth
• Type: Verb
• Root: पुरस्-कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; ‘पुरतः कृतम्’ (placed in front/led forth)
• Role: कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)

• आनेष्यामि: I shall bring
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-नी (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future); परस्मैपद; उत्तमपुरुष; एकवचन
• Role: क्रिया (Main verb)

• तु: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: but/indeed)
• Role: निपात (Discourse particle)

• वै: certainly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)
• Role: निपात (Emphasis)

• रामम्: Rama
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन
• Role: कर्म (Karma/Object)

• हव्यवाहम्: fire (carrier of oblations)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव्यवाह (प्रातिपदिक: हव्य + वाह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (हव्यानि वहति = fire)
• Role: उपमान (Upamana/Standard of comparison)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

• इव: like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-निपात (like)
• Role: उपमा-सूचक (Comparator)

• अध्वरात्: from the sacrifice (altar/rite)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative); एकवचन
• Role: अपादान (Apadana/Source)

Sandhi Notes

• तत्रैवं → तत्र एवम् (अ + ए)
• नरव्याघ्रमभिषिच्य → नरव्याघ्रम् अभिषिच्य (म् + अ)
• इवाध्वरात् → इव अध्वरात् (अ + आ)

Context

After coronating Rama, the best of men, there itself, I will definitely bring him back, letting him go ahead of me, like the sacred fire carried from the place of sacrifice.

The teaching

धर्म-राज्यं यज्ञवत्—शुद्ध-प्रक्रियया, शुद्ध-उद्देशेन; राजा ‘आहवनीय’ इव लोक-हिताय।

Duties in tension

• भरतस्य राज-कर्तव्य (state continuity) बनाम रामस्य अधिकार-स्थापन
• कुल-प्रतिष्ठा बनाम सत्य-न्याय

Ethical theme

राजधर्म/यज्ञ-भाव

How it resolves

Ritual-legitimizing restoration: consecrate the rightful king and return him

Mood and themes

Rasa

Adbhuta (wonder), with Vira (heroism)

Mood

Sacral, uplifting, ceremonial

Themes

• Dharma
• Satya
• Kingship
• Sacral legitimacy
• Itihasa

Symbolism

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma
• Sacrificial fire (havyavāha/agni)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma links rulership with sacred order: Bharata frames Rāma’s return and coronation as restoring cosmic and social correctness, like preserving ritual fire.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata vows not only to crown Rāma but to escort him back with honor, using a Vedic simile to stress sanctity.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence (bhakti/śraddhā) toward rightful authority: Bharata treats Rāma’s kingship as inviolable.