Atharva Veda 20.123.2: Kanda 20, Anuvaka 13, Sukta 123, Mantra 2

Sukta 123

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

तन्मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्याभि॒चक्षे॒ सूर्यो॑ रू॒पं कृ॑णुते॒ द्योरु॒पस्थे॑ । अ॒न॒न्तम॒न्यद् रुश॑दस्य॒ पाजः॑ कृ॒ष्णम॒न्यद्ध॒रितः॒ सं भ॑रन्ति

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 20.123.2

IAST Transliteration

tán mitrásya váruṇasyābhicákṣe sū́ryo rū́paṃ kṛṇute dyór upásthe | anántam anyád rúśad asya pā́jaḥ kṛṣṇám anyád harítaḥ sáṃ bharanti ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Under the overseeing gaze of Mitra and of Varuṇa the Sun makes form in the lap of heaven. One aspect of his splendour is boundless and shining; another is dark: the tawny steeds bear them onward together.

Translation

മിത്രന്റെയും വരുണന്റെയും അഭിചക്ഷേ—നിരീക്ഷണദൃഷ്ടിക്കു കീഴിൽ—സൂര്യൻ ദ്യോഃരുപസ്ഥേ (ആകാശത്തിന്റെ മടിയിൽ) തന്റെ രൂപം സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്നു. അവന്റെ പ്രഭയുടെ ഒരു ഭാഗം അനന്തവും ദീപ്തവുമാണ്; മറ്റൊരു ഭാഗം കൃഷ്ണ (ഇരുണ്ട)മാണ്: ഹരിത അശ്വങ്ങൾ ഇരുവരെയും ഒരുമിച്ച് മുന്നോട്ട് വഹിക്കുന്നു.

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Word by Word

• तत्: that (it)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मित्रस्य: of Mitra
• मित्रस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• वरुणस्य: of Varuṇa
• वरुणस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभिचक्षे: I behold / I look upon
• अभिचक्षे: Kriyā (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-चक्ष् (धातु; ‘to see, behold’)

• सूर्यः: the Sun
• सूर्यः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• रूपम्: form
• रूपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)

• कृणुते: makes / assumes
• कृणुते: Kriyā (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु; ‘to make, do’)

• द्यौः: heaven, sky
• द्यौः: Kartā (of implied ‘is/stands’ in locative setting)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)

• उपस्थे: in the lap/bosom
• उपस्थे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनन्तम्: endless, boundless
• अनन्तम्: Karma (qualifying ‘पाजः’ understood as neuter object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनन्त (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्यत्: another (one)
• अन्यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• रुशत्: shining, bright
• रुशत्: Karma (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रुशत् (प्रातिपदिक; present participial adjective from √रुश्/√रुच् ‘to shine’)

• अस्य: of him/its (of the Sun)
• अस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पाजः: radiance, brilliance
• पाजः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• कृष्णम्: black, dark
• कृष्णम्: Karma (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्यत्: another (one)
• अन्यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• हरितः: the tawny (mares/rays)
• हरितः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरित् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• भरन्ति: they bear/carry
• भरन्ति: Kriyā (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भृ (धातु; ‘to bear, carry’)

Attribution

Rishi: RV source attribution (solar hymn tradition).

Devata: Sūrya; Mitra-Varuṇa as supervisory deities.

Chandas: Triṣṭubh.

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: adbhuta