Varaha Purana 13.44: Adhyaya 13, Shloka 44

The Genealogy of the Pitṛs and the Determination of Śrāddha Times

Devanagari script

पानीयमप्यत्र तिलैर्विमिश्रं दद्यात्पितॄभ्यः प्रयतो मनुष्यः । श्राद्धं कृतं तेन समाः सहस्रं रहस्यमेतत् पितरो वदन्ति ॥ १३.४४ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 13.44

Transliteration

pānīyam apy atra tilair vimiśraṁ dadyāt pitṛbhyaḥ prayato manuṣyaḥ | śrāddhaṁ kṛtaṁ tena samāḥ sahasraṁ rahasyam etat pitaro vadanti || 13.44 ||

Translation

ທີ່ນີ້ດ້ວຍ ມະນຸດຜູ້ມີຄວາມສໍາລວມຄວນຖວາຍນ້ໍາທີ່ປົນເມັດງາ (tila) ແກ່ພິຕຣະ. ພິຕຣະກ່າວວ່າ ໂດຍການກະທໍານີ້ ກໍເຫມືອນໄດ້ປະກອບ śrāddha ຕໍ່ເນື່ອງໜຶ່ງພັນປີ—ນີ້ແມ່ນຄໍາສອນອັນລັບລຶກທີ່ສືບທອດກັນມາ.

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Word by Word

• pānīyam: water/drinking water
• pānīyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pānīya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), particle (समुच्चय/अपि)

• atra: here/in this context
• atra: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atra (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb of place (देशवाचक)

• tilaiḥ: with sesame seeds
• tilaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vimiśram: mixed
• vimiśram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-√miśr (मिश्र् धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कृत्), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with 'pānīyam'

• dadyāt: should give
• dadyāt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (दा धातु)
• Form: Optative (विधिलिङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• pitṛbhyaḥ: to the Pitṛs
• pitṛbhyaḥ: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• prayataḥ: self-controlled/purified
• prayataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-√yam (यम् धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); used as adjective of 'manuṣyaḥ' = disciplined/pure

• manuṣyaḥ: a man/person
• manuṣyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manuṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• śrāddham: śrāddha rite
• śrāddham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrāddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• kṛtam: done/performed
• kṛtam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √kṛ (कृ धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with 'śrāddham'

• tena: by that/thereby
• tena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Pronoun (तद्), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• samāḥ: years
• samāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• sahasram: a thousand
• sahasram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sahasra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); numeral used as measure

• rahasyam: secret (teaching)
• rahasyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rahasya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Pronoun (एतद्), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• pitaraḥ: the Pitṛs
• pitaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vadanti: say
• vadanti: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vad (वद् धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

Speaker

Varāha (default dialogue framework)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Dharma
• Ritual Studies
• Vaishnavism

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves a concise Purāṇic formulation of pitṛ-tarpaṇa (offering water to ancestors), reflecting the wider Dharmaśāstra-era ritual vocabulary and the cultural continuity of śrāddha-related practices.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific toponym is stated in this verse; the term atra (“here”) refers to the immediately discussed ritual or setting in the surrounding passage rather than naming a distinct site.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse emphasizes disciplined, intentional giving (prayataḥ) and remembrance of ancestors through a simple, non-extravagant offering (water mixed with sesame), framed as a culturally valued act of continuity and obligation.