Rig Veda 8.5.38: Mandala 8, Sukta 5, Mantra 38

Sukta 8.5

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; RV 8.5 context)

Devata: Aśvinau (by continuity of the hymn segment; donation narrative within Aśvin praise)

Chandas: Jagatī (likely; long descriptive cadence)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यो मे हिरण्यसंदृशो दश राज्ञो अमंहत । अधस्पदा इच्चैद्यस्य कृष्टयश्चर्मम्ना अभितो जनाः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.5.38

Transliteration

yó me híraṇyasaṃdṛśo dáśa rājño ámaṃhata | adhás-padā íc caidyásya kṛṣṭáyaś carma-mnā́ abhíto jánāḥ ||

Translation

He who enlarged for me the golden-seeming powers of ten kings—so that even the peoples of Caidya, set low in their steps, stood encompassed by the law of protection: thus the divine increase establishes a guarded order around the seeker.

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / य-

• मे: to/for me; of me
• मे: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हिरण्य-संदृशः: golden-looking; having the appearance of gold
• हिरण्य-संदृशः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिरण्य (न.) + संदृश (प्रातिपदिक; √दृश् ‘to see’ with सम्)

• दश: ten
• दश: Karma
• Type: Numeral
• Root: दशन् (संख्या)

• राज्ञः: kings
• राज्ञः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमंहत: bestowed; granted
• अमंहत: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मंह्/√मह् (to grant, to bestow; Vedic)

• अधः-पदाः: those of lower station; low-placed (ones)
• अधः-पदाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: अधस् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक ‘below’) + पद (न.)

• इत्: indeed; even
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• चैद्यस्य: of the Caidya (chief/lineage)
• चैद्यस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun (proper/tribal epithet)
• Root: चैद्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘of Caidya/descendant of Cedi’)

• कृष्टयः: peoples; tribes
• कृष्टयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्टि (स्त्री. ‘people, settlements, tribes’)

• चर्मम्ना: with hide/leather; by means of a skin
• चर्मम्ना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्मन् (न. ‘skin, hide, leather’) + -म्ना (तृतीया-एकवचन वैदिक)

• अभितः: around; on both sides
• अभितः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभितः (अव्यय)

• जनाः: people; men
• जनाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (पुं. ‘people, men’)