Rig Veda 7.82.4: Mandala 7, Sukta 82, Mantra 4

Sukta 7.82

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Indra-Varuṇa

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

युवामिद्युत्सु पृतनासु वह्नयो युवां क्षेमस्य प्रसवे मितज्ञवः । ईशाना वस्व उभयस्य कारव इन्द्रावरुणा सुहवा हवामहे ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.82.4

Transliteration

yuvā́m íd yútsu pṛ́tanāsu váhnayo yuvā́ṃ kṣémasya prasavé mitájñavaḥ | īśānā́ vásva ubháyasya kā́rava índrāvaruṇā suhávā havāmahe ||

Translation

It is you two whom the carriers of the flame call in battles; it is you whom the measured knowers invoke for the bringing-forth of peace. Masters of both kinds of wealth, the singers call you, O Indra and Varuṇa, easy to invoke.

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Word by Word

• युवाम्: you two
• युवाम्: कर्म (हवामहे—‘we invoke you two’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इद्: indeed, just
• इद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इद् (निपात)

• युत्सु: in battles
• युत्सु: अधिकरण (in battles)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युध् → युत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘battle’), loc.pl.

• पृतनासु: in fights/hostile encounters
• पृतनासु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृतना (प्रातिपदिक)

• वह्नयः: bearers, impellers (mighty ones)
• वह्नयः: कर्ता (of implied ‘are/act as’—predicative: ‘(you) are the bearers/impellers’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वह्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• युवाम्: you two
• युवाम्: कर्म (understood with following clause as object of praise/invocation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• क्षेमस्य: of welfare, of safety
• क्षेमस्य: सम्बन्ध (of welfare/safety)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षेम (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रसवे: at the setting in, at the impulse/occasion
• प्रसवे: अधिकरण (at the setting-in/impulse/occasion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रसव (प्रातिपदिक)

• मितज्ञवः: the prudent/measure-knowing ones
• मितज्ञवः: कर्ता (of implied ‘are/act’—addressing the gods as ‘the prudent ones’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: मितज्ञु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘measure-knowing, prudent’)

• ईशाना: ruling, sovereign
• ईशाना: कर्ता (predicative epithet)
• Type: Adjective/Participle-like
• Root: ईशान (प्रातिपदिक from √ईश् ‘to rule’)

• वसो: of wealth, of good
• वसो: सम्बन्ध (of wealth/good)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• उभयस्य: of both (kinds)
• उभयस्य: सम्बन्ध (of both kinds—twofold)
• Type: Adjective (substantive)
• Root: उभय (प्रातिपदिक)

• कारवः: singers/poets
• कारवः: कर्ता (of हवामहे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारु (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रावरुणा: O Indra and Varuṇa
• इन्द्रावरुणा: सम्प्रदान/कर्म (those invoked)
• Type: Noun (dual deity name)
• Root: इन्द्र + वरुण (समास; द्वन्द्व)

• सुहवा: easy to call upon
• सुहवा: — (epithet in address)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-हव (प्रातिपदिक; ‘easy to invoke’)

• हवामहे: we invoke/call upon
• हवामहे: क्रिया (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ह्वे/√हू (हव्) ‘to call, invoke’