Sukta 42
Sukta 3.42
Gāthin Viśvāmitra (traditional; verify Anukramaṇī)
Indra
Trishtubh (likely; requires metrical verification)
ບົດສະຫຼອງນີ້ແມ່ນເພງສົ່ງເຊີນສົມາໄປຫາອິນທຣ: ກະວີກຽດຮ້ອນຂາທ່ານໃຫ້ມາໃນທັນທີພ້ອມມ້າສອງຕົວທີ່ມີສີຄຳ ແລະ ດື່ມສົມາທີ່ຄົ້ນສົດໃໝ່. ບົດສະຫຼອງນີ້ກະຕຸ້ນໃຫ້ອິນທຣວາງສົມາໄວ້ໃນທ້ອງຂອງທ່ານ ແລະ ເພີ່ມພະລັງ, ເພື່ອທ່ານຈະໄດ້ປະທານຄວາມຄຸ້ມຄອງ, ພະລັງ ແລະ ໄຊຊະນະແກ່ວົງກຸຊິກາ/ວິສວາມິຕຣຜູ້ທີ່ອວຍຍາດຮ້ອນຂາທ່ານ.
Mantras
Mantra 1
उप नः सुतमा गहि सोममिन्द्र गवाशिरम् । हरिभ्यां यस्ते अस्मयुः ॥
ຈົ່ງໃກ້ພວກເຮົາ; ມາສູ່ໂສມທີ່ຄົນເຮັດໄວ້, ອິນທຣ, ໂສມນີ້ທີ່ເພີ່ມພະລັງດ້ວຍພະລັງຂອງໂຄ. ຈົ່ງມາກັບຮັດສອງຂອງທ່ານ, ເພາະທ່ານແມ່ນຜູ້ຊອກຫາການຖວາຍຂອງເຮົາ.
Mantra 2
तमिन्द्र मदमा गहि बर्हिःष्ठां ग्रावभिः सुतम् । कुविन्न्वस्य तृप्णवः ॥
ຈົ່ງມາ, ອິນທຣ, ສູ່ຄວາມປິຕສຸກນັ້ນ; ສູ່ໂສມທີ່ຄົນບີບດ້ວຍຫີນ, ວາງໄວ້ເທິງບົດຫຍ້າ. ຄວາມກະຫາຍຂອງທ່ານຈະບໍ່ພໍໃຈດ້ວຍມັນບໍ, ຄວາມຊອກຫາໃນຕົວທ່ານຈະພົບຄວາມສຳເລັດທີ່ນີ້ບໍ?
Mantra 3
इन्द्रमित्था गिरो ममाच्छागुरिषिता इतः । आवृते सोमपीतये ॥
ດັ່ງນັ້ນ, ຄຳເວົ້າຂອງຂ້ອຍໄດ້ໄປສູ່ອິນທຣໂດຍກົງ, ສົ່ງອອກຈາກທີ່ນີ້; ເມື່ອກັບມາ, ຂໍໃຫ້ທ່ານມາດື່ມໂສມ, ກັບມາສູ່ສະຫນາມນີ້ທີ່ການຮຽກຮ້ອງໄດ້ຖືກສົ່ງອອກ.
Mantra 4
इन्द्रं सोमस्य पीतये स्तोमैरिह हवामहे । उक्थेभिः कुविदागमत् ॥
ພວກເຮົາຮຽກອິນທຣມາທີ່ນີ້ດ້ວຍບົດສັນລະເສີນທີ່ສະແດງຈິດໃຈ, ເພື່ອດື່ມໂສມ, ເພື່ອໃຫ້ພະລັງແສງສະຫວ່າງສາມາດເຂົ້າມາແລະເພີ່ມພະລັງໃນຕົວເຮົາ. ຂໍໃຫ້ທ່ານ, ທີ່ຖືກບັນດານອົກສຽງຂອງເຮົາ, ຈົ່ງມາຈິງໆ.
Mantra 5
इन्द्र सोमाः सुता इमे तान्दधिष्व शतक्रतो । जठरे वाजिनीवसो ॥
ອິນທຣ, ໂສມຄວາມສຸກເຫຼົ່ານີ້ຖືກບີບແລະພ້ອມແລ້ວ; ຈົ່ງໃສ່ມັນໃນທ້ອງຂອງທ່ານ, ຜູ້ມີພະລັງຮ້ອຍຢ່າງ. ເຈົ້າແຫ່ງຄວາມອຸດົມສົມບູນ, ຈົ່ງເຂັ້ມແຂງໃນການຖືຄວາມສຸກນີ້ໄວ້ໃນຕົວ.
Mantra 6
विद्मा हि त्वा धनंजयं वाजेषु दधृषं कवे । अधा ते सुम्नमीमहे ॥
ເພາະພວກເຮົາຮູ້ວ່າທ່ານເປັນຜູ້ຊະນະຄວາມຮັ່ງມີຂອງການເປັນຢູ່, ກ້າຫານໃນຄວາມອຸດົມຂອງພະລັງ, ຜູ້ມີພະລັງແຫ່ງການເຫັນ. ດັ່ງນັ້ນ, ພວກເຮົາຊອກຫາຄວາມກະລຸນາຂອງທ່ານ, ຄວາມກວ້າງຂວາງທີ່ສຸກຂອງທ່ານທີ່ສ້າງການເຕີບໃຫຍ່ຂອງເຮົາ.
Mantra 7
इममिन्द्र गवाशिरं यवाशिरं च नः पिब । आगत्या वृषभिः सुतम् ॥
ຈົ່ງດື່ມເພື່ອພວກເຮົາ, ອິນທຣ, ໂສມນີ້ທີ່ປະສົມກັບແສງສະຫວ່າງຂອງໂຄແລະພະລັງສະໜັບສະໜູນຂອງບາລເລຍ; ຈົ່ງມາກັບພະລັງງານອັນເຂັ້ມແຂງຂອງທ່ານແລະຮັບເອົາຄວາມສຸກທີ່ຖືກບີບນີ້ເຂົ້າໃນພະລັງຂອງທ່ານ.
Mantra 8
तुभ्येदिन्द्र स्व ओक्ये सोमं चोदामि पीतये । एष रारन्तु ते हृदि ॥
ເພື່ອທ່ານຜູ້ດຽວ, ອິນທຣ, ໃນບ້ານຂອງການເປັນຢູ່ຂອງທ່ານເອງ, ຂ້ອຍຊຸກຍູ້ໂສມນີ້ເພື່ອການດື່ມຂອງທ່ານ. ຂໍໃຫ້ຄວາມສຸກນີ້ມີຄວາມສຸກແລະຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃນຫົວໃຈຂອງທ່ານ, ເພື່ອພະລັງຂອງທ່ານຈະໄດ້ລົງມາທຳການຈາກໃນຕົວເຮົາ.
Mantra 9
त्वां सुतस्य पीतये प्रत्नमिन्द्र हवामहे । कुशिकासो अवस्यवः ॥
ພວກເຮົາອວຍພຣະທ່ານ, ອິນທຣບູຮານ, ເພື່ອການດື່ມໂສມທີ່ຖືກບີບ, ພວກເຮົາ, ຊາວກຸຊິກະ, ຜູ້ຊອກຫາຄວາມຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອແລະການປ້ອງກັນຂອງທ່ານ, ປາຖະໜາຕໍ່ການຢູ່ເຄຍຂ້າງຄຽງຂອງທ່ານ.
Inside Sukta 42
How it unfolds
- Where it opens
A direct invitation: Indra is asked to come close to the freshly pressed Soma, drawn by the offering and the singer’s aspiration.
- Development
The hymn intensifies the request—Soma is ready; Indra is urged to take it into his belly and be strengthened, emphasizing his many powers and readiness to help.
- Climax
The strongest imperative moment: Indra, as Śatakratu, is pressed to ‘set these Soma-joys within’ and thereby manifest his victorious might for the worshippers.
- Where it settles
The poets identify themselves as Kuśikas and end by invoking the ancient Indra for Soma-drinking and protective aid, sealing the bond between lineage, offering, and divine response.
The deity: Indra
- In the VedaIndra is invoked as the mighty, ancient (pratna) lord of strength, the drinker of Soma, and the one who comes with his two haris to the sacrifice. He is praised as Śatakratu—of “a hundred powers/skills”—who delights in offerings and responds to the singer’s call.
- Cosmic functionHe upholds ṛta by defeating obstructive forces, releasing vitality (strength, rain, prosperity), and empowering the sacrificer through the Soma-rite.
- Inner significanceIndra symbolizes awakened will-force and victorious clarity: the power that, when ‘fed’ by disciplined aspiration (Soma), breaks inertia and grants confidence, energy, and forward movement.
The seer
- Viśvāmitra Gāthina (Kuśika)Kuśika (Gāthin/Viśvāmitra family) · A foremost Rigvedic seer associated with the Kuśikas; celebrated for powerful Indra-hymns and for the Viśvāmitra tradition later famed in Itihāsa-Purāṇa lore as a royal-turned-rṣi.
Famous verses
upa naḥ sutam ā gahi
tān dadhiṣva śatakrato
kuśikāso avasyavaḥ
Attributes of the deity
- Śatakratu (many-powered, resourceful)
- Soma-drinker and sacrifice-ally
- Swift-coming, yoked to two haris (bay horses)
- Bestower of strength (ojas), victory, and protection
- Ancient yet ever-present helper (pratna)
Also by this seer
- Large portions of Rigveda Maṇḍala 3 are attributed to the Viśvāmitra/Kuśika family in the Anukramaṇī tradition.
- Indra-focused Soma hymns and family self-identification verses (e.g., “kuśikāsaḥ…”) characteristic of the Viśvāmitra corpus.
- Traditionally linked (in later reception) with the Gāyatrī/Sāvitrī mantra (RV 3.62.10), though this is a distinct sukta.
The rite, step by step
- Press and clarify Soma; prepare it as ‘sutá’ (pressed) for offering.
- Recite the invitatory verses calling Indra to ‘come near’ with his two haris.
- Offer Soma into the ritual sequence (with accompanying recitations), inviting Indra to drink.
- Petition for protection, strength, and success; reaffirm the sacrificer’s lineage and devotion (Kuśikas).
- Conclude with a final invocation to the ‘ancient Indra’ for Soma-drinking and aid.
Offerings
- Pressed Soma (primary)
- Associated libations/oblations customary to Soma-rites (as contextually applicable)
Frequently Asked Questions
It is an invitation to Indra to come to the sacrifice and drink the freshly pressed Soma, so he may become strong and help the worshippers with protection and victory.
The “haris” are Indra’s two bay horses (or swift steeds). Mentioning them emphasizes Indra’s rapid arrival to the offering when he is invoked.
They are the seer’s lineage/community associated with Viśvāmitra. By naming themselves, they mark the hymn as a family invocation asking Indra for aid.
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