Rig Veda 3.11.2: Mandala 3, Sukta 11, Mantra 2
Sukta 3.11
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable; requires confirmation)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
स हव्यवाळमर्त्य उशिग्दूतश्चनोहितः । अग्निर्धिया समृण्वति ॥
Transliteration
sá havya-vā́ḷ amártya uśíg dūtáś canóhitaḥ | agnír dhiyā́ sám ṛṇvati ||
Translation
He, the immortal bearer of the offering, the eager flame, the messenger set for our delight—Agni by the awakened thought brings the powers into harmony and sets the work rightly in motion.
Word by Word
सःhe / that (one)
सः:
कर्तृ (अग्निः इत्यस्य विशेषण-सम्बन्धः) अथवा वाक्य-प्रस्तावकः
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हव्यवाट्oblation-bearer (carrier of offerings)
हव्यवाट्:
कर्तृ (अग्निः—हव्यवाहकः) / विशेषणम्
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootहव्य-वाट् (प्रातिपदिक; हव्य + √वह्/वाह् ‘वहति’ इत्यस्य वहनार्थक-तत्सम्बद्धः ‘वाहक’ भावः)
अमर्त्यःimmortal
अमर्त्यः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (अग्निः)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक; मर्त्य ‘mortal’ + नञ्)
उशिक्eager/ardent (zealous)
उशिक्:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (अग्निः)
TypeAdjective
Rootउशिक् (प्रातिपदिक; √उश् ‘कामयते/उष्णायते’ इत्यादि; वैदिके ‘उशिज्’ वर्गः—उत्सुक/दीप्त/यजमान-प्रिय)
दूतःmessenger
दूतः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (अग्निः)
TypeNoun
Rootदूत (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
नःour / for us
नः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation) / लाभ-सम्बन्धः
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हितःplaced/appointed (set)
हितः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (अग्निः—‘appointed/placed’)
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Root√धा (धातु) → क्त-प्रत्ययान्त ‘हित’ (निहित/स्थापित/नियोजित)
अग्निःAgni (fire-god)
अग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
धियाby insight / by prayer
धिया:
करणम्
TypeNoun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक; ‘thought, insight, prayer’)
समृण्वतिsets in motion / accomplishes / brings about
समृण्वति:
क्रिया (कर्तृ: अग्निः)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + √ऋ (ऋण्वति/ऋणोति; वैदिक ‘to set in motion, to impel, to accomplish/attain’)
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