Rig Veda 8.60.7: Mandala 8, Sukta 60, Mantra 7
Sukta 8.60
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Gāyatrī/Anuṣṭubh-like short meter (uncertain; needs metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यथा चिद्वृद्धमतसमग्ने संजूर्वसि क्षमि । एवा दह मित्रमहो यो अस्मध्रुग्दुर्मन्मा कश्च वेनति ॥
Transliteration
yáthā cid vṛddhám atásam ágne sam-jū́rvasi kṣámi | evā́ dáha mitra-maho yó asmá-dhrug dur-mánmā káś ca vénati ||
Translation
હે અગ્નિ, જેમ તું ધરતી પર વધીને ગૂંચવાયેલું ઝાડઝાંખર પણ ભસ્મ કરે છે, તેમ જ, હે મહાનના મિત્ર, જે કોઈ અમને દ્રોહ કરવા ઇચ્છે—કોઈ પણ દુર્મન, દુષ્ટચિત્ત—તેને સંપૂર્ણ દહન કર.
Word by Word
यथाjust as, as
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (avyaya-prātipadika)
चित्even, indeed
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (avyaya)
वृद्धम्grown, strengthened
वृद्धम्:
Karma (of implied action like ‘to kindle/strengthen’)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध (ppp of √वृध् ‘to grow’)
अतसम्flax (a fibrous plant)
अतसम्:
Karma (object with ‘burn’/‘consume’ sense)
TypeNoun
Rootअतस (prātipadika; ‘flax’)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
Sambodhana (addressed deity)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (prātipadika)
संtogether, wholly
सं:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (upasarga)
जूर्वसिyou consume/burn away
जूर्वसि:
Kriyā (predicate); Kartā = ‘त्वम् (अग्ने)’
TypeVerb
Root√जूर्व्/√जुर्व् (Vedic; ‘to waste away, consume, scorch’)
क्षमिon the earth, in the ground
क्षमि:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootक्षम् (prātipadika ‘earth/ground’; Vedic locative form)
एवाjust so, in the same way
एवा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (nipāta) + ā (Vedic lengthening)
दहburn! scorch!
दह:
Kriyā (injunction); Kartā = ‘त्वम् (अग्ने)’
TypeVerb
Root√दह् (to burn)
मित्रमहोO bounteous friend (epithet)
मित्रमहो:
Sambodhana (addressed: ‘O friend-bounteous one’)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootमित्रमघ (compound: मित्र + मघ ‘bounty/wealth’; bahuvrīhi/epithet)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (of वेनति) / subject of relative clause
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
अस्मत्of us, our
अस्मत्:
Sampradāna/Apādāna-like (possessive relation: ‘against us/our’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (1st person pronoun stem)
ध्रुक्injuring, hostile; an enemy
ध्रुक्:
Kartā (appositional to यः)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootध्रुज्/ध्रुक् (prātipadika; ‘injuring, hostile’)
दुर्मन्माevil-minded
दुर्मन्मा:
Kartā (qualifier of the subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्मन् (dur- + man ‘mind, intent’) → दुर्मन्मन् (Vedic adj.)
कःanyone, whoever
कः:
Kartā (of वेनति; in apposition/coordination with यः)
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (interrogative/indefinite pronoun)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (avyaya)
वेनतिseeks/aims at (us); plots
वेनति:
Kriyā (relative clause predicate); Kartā = यः/ध्रुक्/दुर्मन्मा/कश्च
TypeVerb
Root√वेन् (Vedic; ‘to seek/woo, strive for, desire’; also ‘to plot/aim at’ by context)
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