Varaha Purana 39.24: Adhyaya 39, Shloka 24

Discrimination of the Three Bodies and the Dharaṇī Vow: A Manual for Dvādaśī Observance

Devanagari script

सत्यतपा उवाच । कोऽसौ धरन्या सञ्चीर्ण उपवासो महामुने । कानि व्रतानि च तथा एतन्मे वक्तुमर्हसि ॥ ३९.२४ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 39.24

Transliteration

satyatapā uvāca | ko'sau dharaṇyā sañcīrṇa upavāso mahāmune | kāni vratāni ca tathā etan me vaktum arhasi || 39.24 ||

Translation

Satyatapā sprach: „O großer Weiser, welcher Fastenakt wurde zum Wohl der Erde vollzogen? Und welche Gelübde (vratas) sind ebenso zu beachten? Bitte erkläre mir dies.“

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Word by Word

• सत्यतपाः: Satyatapā (name)
• सत्यतपाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; speaker)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्यतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: क्रिया (Verb/action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• कः: who? / what?
• कः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject of implied ‘is’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• असौ: that (one)
• असौ: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; deictic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• धरन्याः: of the earth
• धरन्याः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धरणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• सञ्चीर्णः: performed; undertaken
• सञ्चीर्णः: विशेषण (Adjectival qualifier of उपवासः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-√चर् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• उपवासः: fast
• उपवासः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject of implied ‘is’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपवास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• महामुने: O great sage
• महामुने: सम्बोधन (Address/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महामुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (महान् मुनिः), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• कानि: which (ones)?
• कानि: कर्म (Karma/Object of implied ‘are’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन (Plural)

• व्रतानि: vows
• व्रतानि: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन (Plural)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• तथा: thus; likewise
• तथा: सम्बन्ध (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• एतत्: this (matter)
• एतत्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• मे: to me; for me
• मे: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/for me)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी एकवचन (Genitive/Dative singular; enclitic)

• वक्तुम्: to tell
• वक्तुम्: प्रयोजन (Purpose/Infinitive complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive), क्रियार्थ (purpose)

• अर्हसि: you ought; you are fit
• अर्हसि: क्रिया (Verb/action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अर्ह् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular)

Speaker

Satyatapā

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Vaiṣṇavism
• Dharma Literature

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It exemplifies a common Purāṇic pedagogical form: a named interlocutor asks a sage for clarification on ritual-ethical observances, indicating how dharma topics were transmitted through dialogue in Sanskrit narrative literature.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific geographic site is named in this verse; it references the Earth (dharaṇī) in a general sense rather than a particular tīrtha or region.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse frames ethical practice as inquiry-driven and accountable: it requests an explanation of fasting and vows connected to the welfare of the Earth, foregrounding disciplined observance as a theme rather than issuing a command.