Rig Veda 5.86.2: Mandala 5, Sukta 86, Mantra 2

Sukta 5.86

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)

Devata: Indra-Agni

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

या पृतनासु दुष्टरा या वाजेषु श्रवाय्या । या पञ्च चर्षणीरभीन्द्राग्नी ता हवामहे ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.86.2

Transliteration

yā́ pṛ́tanāsu duṣṭárā yā́ vā́jeṣu śravā́yyā | yā́ páñca carṣaṇī́r abhī́ndrāgnī tā́ havāmahe ||

Translation

Jene Macht von Indra-und-Agni, die in den Schlachten schwer zu überschreiten ist, die in der Fülle (vāja) das Vernehmen des Ruhmes bringt, die den fünf Völkern (pañca carṣaṇī) gegenübersteht und sie emporhebt — sie rufen wir an. Werdet in uns sieghafte Kraft und Ruhm der Wahrheit, die den inneren Krieg bezwingt.

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Word by Word

• या: she who / which
• या: Kartā (relative subject) / viśeṣaṇa of implied ‘देवी/शक्ति’
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: य-)

• पृतनासु: in battles
• पृतनासु: Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘in battles’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृतना (प्रातिपदिक) < √पृत्/पॄ (to fight) (etym.)

• दुष्टरा: hard to overcome / difficult to cross
• दुष्टरा: Kartā/viśeṣaṇa (predicate adjective to ‘या’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुष्-तर (प्रातिपदिक); तर = comparative from √तॄ (to cross) with दुṣ- prefix

• या: she who
• या: Kartā (relative subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: य-)

• वाजेषु: in races/contests; in prizes
• वाजेषु: Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘in contests/prizes’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• श्रवाय्या: bringing fame / worthy of fame
• श्रवाय्या: Kartā/viśeṣaṇa (predicate adjective to ‘या’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रवाय्य (प्रातिपदिक) < श्रवस् (fame) + -आय्य (desiderative/aptative adj. suffix in Vedic)

• या: she who
• या: Kartā (relative subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: य-)

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: Viśeṣaṇa (of चर्षणीनाम्, implied)
• Type: Numeral
• Root: पञ्चन् (numeral stem)

• चर्षणीर्: peoples / tribes
• चर्षणीर्: Karma (object of अभि ‘towards/against’ in sense ‘over/for the peoples’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्षणी (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: towards, over, against
• अभि: Directional marker (governing the object ‘चर्षणीः’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (upasarga/preposition)

• इन्द्राग्नी: O Indra and Agni
• इन्द्राग्नी: Sampradāna (addressee of invocation) / Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (dual deity name)
• Root: इन्द्र + अग्नि (dvandva compound)

• ता: those two (you two)
• ता: Karma (object of हवामहे)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika: त-)

• हवामहे: we invoke / we call upon
• हवामहे: Kriyā (main verb); Kartā = वयम् (implied ‘we’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ह्वा (ह्वयति/हवते) ‘to call, invoke’