Rig Veda 3.31.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 31, Mantra 5

Sukta 3.31

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (Kauśika) (traditional circle attribution)

Devata: Agni/Indra complex (seer-breakthrough motif; verse is more symbolic than directly addressive)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वीळौ सतीरभि धीरा अतृन्दन्प्राचाहिन्वन्मनसा सप्त विप्राः । विश्वामविन्दन्पथ्यामृतस्य प्रजानन्नित्ता नमसा विवेश ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.31.5

Transliteration

vīḷáu satī́r abhí dhī́rā atṛndan prācā́hinvan mánasā saptá víprāḥ | víśvām avindan pathyā́m ṛtásya prajā́nann ít tā́ namasā́ viveśa ||

Translation

Die festen Tore brachen die Weisen auf, vorwärts treibend mit dem Geist — die sieben ṛṣi. Sie fanden den allumfassenden Pfad des Ṛta; wissend trat er in sie ein, mit ehrfürchtiger Verehrung.

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Word by Word

• वीळौ: the two firm (supports/abodes)
• वीळौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीळु- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दृढ/अविचल’—स्थिर/दृढ वस्तु/आधार) अथवा ‘वीळु’ = ‘दृढस्थान’

• सतीः: being/true (fem. pl.)
• सतीः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत् (√अस् ‘to be’) → सती- (स्त्री. कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा ‘सती’ = ‘सत्यम्/सत्’

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• धीरा: the steadfast/wise ones
• धीरा: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: धीर- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अतृन्दन्: they pierced/forced through
• अतृन्दन्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √तृन्द्/√तृद् (to pierce, thrust, break through)

• प्राचाः: the eastern/forward-going (ones)
• प्राचाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राच्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘पूर्व/पूर्वगामी’)

• हिन्वन्: impelling, urging on
• हिन्वन्: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √हिन्/√हिव् (to impel, set in motion) → हिन्वत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• मनसा: with (their) mind
• मनसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (संख्या)

• विप्राः: inspired seers/priests
• विप्राः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वाम्: all (the whole)
• विश्वाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अविन्दन्: they found
• अविन्दन्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (to find, obtain)

• पथ्याम्: the path(-way), the proper course
• पथ्याम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: पथ्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘मार्गसम्बद्ध/पथ्य’)

• ऋतस्य: of ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
• ऋतस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत- (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रजानन्: knowing, recognizing
• प्रजानन्: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √ज्ञा (to know) → प्रजानत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात/अव्यय; ‘एव/नूनम्’)

• ता: those (things/ways)
• ता: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम) → ता-

• नमसा: with reverence, by homage
• नमसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• विवेश: he entered
• विवेश: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विश् (to enter)