Rig Veda 10.76.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 76, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.76

Rishi: As per Anukramaṇī for RV 10.76; exact rishi not supplied in input

Devata: Soma/Indra complex; Tvaṣṭṛ referenced as fashioner

Chandas: Trishtubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

तदिद्ध्यस्य सवनं विवेरपो यथा पुरा मनवे गातुमश्रेत् । गोअर्णसि त्वाष्ट्रे अश्वनिर्णिजि प्रेमध्वरेष्वध्वराँ अशिश्रयुः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.76.3

Transliteration

tád íd dhy asyá sávanaṃ vivér apo yáthā purā́ mánave gātúm áśret | goárṇasi tvā́ṣṭre áśvanirṇiji préma dhvaréṣv adhvarā́m aśiśrayuḥ ||

Translation

Denn dieses Pressen öffnete wahrlich die Wasser, wie es einst dem Manu einen Gang, einen Weg zum Gehen, erschloß. Im kuhreichen (lichtvollen) Raum, in der von Tvaṣṭṛ gefügten, roßglänzenden Ordnung, stellten sie die Opfer in den Riten voran. So öffne unsere rechte Darbringung die inneren Wasser und schaffe den Pfad für das Menschengeschlecht.

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Word by Word

• तत्: that, it
• तत्: Karma (अर्थतः ‘तत्’ = ‘that/it’ as object of knowing) / (सन्दर्भे)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• अस्य: of him/this
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘of him/it’
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्य

• सवनम्: the Soma-pressing; the libation
• सवनम्: Karma (वि-वेद ‘knows’ what?)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवन (प्रातिपदिक; √सु ‘press’ → सवन ‘pressing/oblation-time’)

• विवेद: has found/known
• विवेद: Kartā-क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया) — ‘(he) has known’
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (विदँ ज्ञाने) with preverb वि-; perfect

• अपः: the waters
• अपः: Karma (विवेद … अपः = ‘found the waters’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्/आप् (प्रातिपदिक ‘water’)

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• पुरा: formerly, of old
• पुरा: Adhikaraṇa (काल) — ‘formerly’
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा (अव्यय)

• मनवे: for Manu
• मनवे: Sampradāna (दत्त/लाभार्थ) — ‘for Manu’
• Type: Noun (proper/ancestor)
• Root: मनु (प्रातिपदिक)

• गातुम्: a path, passage
• गातुम्: Karma (अश्रेৎ/अश्रेत् ‘reached’ what?)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गातु (प्रातिपदिक; √गा/गम् ‘go’ → ‘path/going’)

• अश्रेत्: reached, attained
• अश्रेत्: Kartā-क्रिया (उपवाक्य-क्रिया) — ‘(he/it) reached/attained’
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रि (श्रि॒ञ् सेवायाम्/आश्रयणे) with preverb आ- (sense ‘reach/attain/lean to’); injunctive/aorist form in Vedic

• गोअर्णसि: in the cow-flood; in the flood of cows (abundance)
• गोअर्णसि: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान) — ‘in/at the cow-flood (abounding in cattle/streams)’
• Type: Noun (compound) / Adjectival epithet
• Root: गो-अर्णस् (समास; गो ‘cow’ + अर्णस् ‘flood/wave, stream’)

• त्वाष्ट्रे: in the Tvāṣṭra (of Tvaṣṭṛ)
• त्वाष्ट्रे: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान/विषय) — ‘in the Tvāṣṭra (sphere/rite)’
• Type: Adjective (patronymic) / Noun
• Root: त्वाष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘belonging to Tvaṣṭṛ’)

• अश्वनिर्णिजि: in the horse-armour/covering (radiant gear)
• अश्वनिर्णिजि: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान/विषय) — ‘in the horse-covering/armour (radiance)’
• Type: Noun (compound) / Epithet
• Root: अश्व-निर्णिज् (समास; अश्व ‘horse’ + निर्णिज् ‘covering/armour, bright garment’)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• एम्: along, onward
• एम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एम् (अव्यय; वैदिक गत्यर्थ-निपात)

• अध्वरेषु: in the rites/sacrifices
• अध्वरेषु: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान) — ‘in the sacrifices’
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक ‘sacrifice/rite’)

• अध्वरान्: the sacrifices/rites
• अध्वरान्: Karma (अशिश्रयुः ‘resorted to’ what?)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)

• अशिश्रयुः: they have resorted/attached themselves
• अशिश्रयुः: Kartā-क्रिया — ‘they have taken refuge/resorted’
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रि (श्रि॒ञ् आश्रयणे) with preverb आ-; reduplicated perfect (Vedic)