Rig Veda 8.25.20: Mandala 8, Sukta 25, Mantra 20
Sukta 8.25
Devata: Vāc (speech-power) / inspired word as the operative power (implicitly under divine governance)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वचो दीर्घप्रसद्मनीशे वाजस्य गोमतः । ईशे हि पित्वोऽविषस्य दावने ॥
Transliteration
vácō dīrghá-prasadmani ī́śe vā́jasya gómataḥ | ī́śe hí pitvó ’víṣasya dā́vane ||
Translation
الكلمةُ في داخلي تَسودُ في الأساسِ الواسعِ البعيدِ الجذور؛ ولها سلطانٌ على فيضِ القوّة (vāja) الغنيّ بأشعّةِ المعرفة. فإنّ لها حقًّا سلطانَ أن تُعطي لذّةً مُغذّية (pitvā) ليست سُمًّا—زيادةً لا تُؤذي بل تُقوّي الروح.
Word by Word
वचःspeech; word
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (प्रातिपदिक; PIE *wekʷ- ‘speak’)
दीर्घ-प्रसद्मनीin/at the long-established seat (long abode)
दीर्घ-प्रसद्मनी:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootदीर्घ (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रसद्मन्/प्रसद्म (प्रातिपदिक; ‘seat/abode’, RV usage) → दीर्घप्रसद्मन्- (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास)
ईशेis master (rules/possesses)
ईशे:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootईश् (धातु; ‘to own, rule, be master of’)
वाजस्यof the prize/strength
वाजस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘prize, strength, (victory-)booty’)
गोमतःof the cow-rich (one); rich in cattle
गोमतः:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootगोमत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘possessing cows, rich in cattle’)
ईशेis master
ईशे:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootईश् (धातु)
हिindeed; for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
पित्वःof the draught/nourishment
पित्वः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपित्व (प्रातिपदिक; ‘drink, draught; nourishment’, RV) / related to √पा ‘drink’
अविषस्यof the harmless (one/thing); unpoisoned
अविषस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootअविष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘non-poisonous; harmless’; a- + विष) / also RV ‘unharmed, uninjured’
दावनेfor giving; for bestowal
दावने:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (verbal noun)
Rootदावन (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; dat. of verbal noun from √दा ‘to give’ → ‘giving, gift, bestowal’)
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