Arthashastra 3.13.1: Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 13, Sutra 1

Devanagari script

चतुर्गुणः ॥

Recitation with translationArthashastra 3.13.1

Transliteration

caturguṇaḥ

Translation

أربعة أضعاف (أي إن العقوبة/التعويض يكون أربعة أضعاف).

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Word by Word

• चतुर्गुणः: fourfold; having four times the amount
• Type: Noun (Adjectival usage)
• Root: गुण
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (अर्थे ‘चारगुणः’ = ‘चार गुणों वाला’)
• Compound: Tatpuruṣa (Karmadhāraya)
• In statecraft: (दण्ड/दाय/प्रतिदण्ड-प्रसङ्गे) ‘चार गुना’ (fourfold multiple)

Sandhi Notes

• Sandhi resolution: none (single compound word)
• Internal composition: चतुर् + गुणः → चतुर्गुणः (final -र् of चतुर् combines with following ग- to yield -र्ग-)

Entities Mentioned

• state/judge

Topic and Governance

Prakarana (topic)

Law of slavery/servitude (penalties; protections; prohibited enslavement)

Governance domain

Justice administration; labor/servitude regulation; penalties

Vocabulary Breakdown

Technical Terms

FAQs

How should ‘caturguṇaḥ’ be read in administrative terms?

As a rule-setting multiplier—typically prescribing a fourfold fine/compensation to deter a specified wrongful act in this section.