
Sitakṛṣṇā-dvividhatā, Samudra-saptatva, Saṃvatsara-dvādaśatva ca
Cosmology & Temporal-Ecology (Symbolic Exegesis)
在《婆罗诃往世书》婆罗诃与大地女神(Pṛthivī)的教诲语境中,本章插入一段对话:Bhadrāśva请问圣者Agastya有关象征性宇宙论——为何名为Sitakṛṣṇā的两位形象以不同女子出现,何以“一者”化为七重,又何以另一者在“二身、六首”之状下成为十二重。Agastya阐释其对应关系:Sitakṛṣṇā表征成对原则(真实/非真实),亦可指夜;“一化为七”对应七重配置的海洋;而“十二、二身、六首”即saṃvatsara(岁、年),由两种运行/路径构成,并以六季为其“面”。经文以昼夜与日月说明世界的生起与秩序,最后指出体悟毗湿奴(Viṣṇu)须依止吠陀祭仪,含示以受规约的时间与修持维系天地之平衡。
Verse 1
भद्राश्व उवाच । भगवन् सितकृष्णे द्वे भिन्ने जगति केशवान् । स्त्रियौ बभूवतुः के द्वे सितकृष्णा च का शुभा ॥ ६७.१ ॥
跋陀罗湿伐说道:“世尊啊,世间有二者——悉多与黑天女(Kṛṣṇā)——彼此有别,却都与凯舍瓦相关。那两位女子是谁?又那被称为‘悉多-黑天’的吉祥者是谁?”
Verse 2
कश्चासौ पुरुषो ब्रह्मन् य एकः सप्तधा भवेत् । कोऽसौ द्वादशधा विप्र द्विदेहः षट्शिराः शुभः ॥ ६७.२ ॥
“婆罗门啊,那位‘人’是谁,虽为一却成七重?又啊,博学者,那同一原理是谁,化为十二重——二身、六首——而具吉祥?”
Verse 3
दाम्पत्यं च द्विजश्रेष्ठ कृतसूर्योदयादनम् । कस्मादेतज्जगदिदं विततं द्विजसत्तम ॥ ६७.३ ॥
“又关于夫妇之道,噢,二次生者中最胜者——连同日出时所行之仪轨——为何此世界如此铺展广大,噢,二次生者中的至上者?”
Verse 4
अगस्त्य उवाच । सितकृष्णे स्त्रियौ ये ते ते भगिन्यौ प्रकीर्तिते । सत्यासत्ये द्विवर्णा च नारी रात्रिरुदाहृता ॥ ६७.४ ॥
阿伽斯提耶说道:“那两位女子——白与黑——被宣称为姊妹。作为真实与非真实,亦作为二色之相,名为‘夜’的女子便如此被描述。”
Verse 5
यः पुमान् सप्तधा जात एको भूत्वा नरेश्वर । स समुद्रस्तु विज्ञेयः सप्तधैकॊ व्यवस्थितः ॥ ६७.५ ॥
噢,人中之主,那唯一之人虽以七重形态而生,却仍为一;应当了知:他即是“大海”,一体而以七种方式安立。
Verse 6
योऽसौ द्वादशधा राजन् द्विदेहः षट्शिराः प्रभुः । संवत्सरः स विज्ञेयः शरीरे द्वे गती स्मृते । ऋतवः षट् च वक्त्राणि एष संवत्सरः स्मृतः ॥ ६७.६ ॥
大王啊,那主宰之理具十二分、二身、六首,应当了知为“年”(saṃvatsara)。其身有两种运行之道被记忆;六季被称为其六面——这便是所说之年。
Verse 7
दाम्पत्यं तदहोरात्रं सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ ततः । ततो जगत्समुत्तस्थौ देवस्यास्य नृपोत्तम ॥ ६७.७ ॥
由此生起夫妇之合;由此有昼与夜;继而有日与月。其后,世界显现而出——噢,诸王之最——一切皆归属于此神祇。
Verse 8
स विष्णुः परमो देवो विज्ञेयो नृपसत्तम । न च वेदक्रियाहीनः पश्यते परमेश्वरम् ॥ ६७.८ ॥
诸王之最啊,应当了知:彼毗湿奴即至上的神圣实在;而缺失吠陀仪轨之人,不能证见至上主宰。
Verse 9
॥ इति वराहपुराणे भगवच्छास्त्रे सप्तषष्ठितमोऽध्यायः ॥ ६७ ॥
至此,《婆罗诃往世书》中关于至福至尊之圣典第六十七章圆满结束。
Verse 10
|| 如是,在《婆罗诃往世书》、世尊之圣典中,第六十七章圆满结束 ||
The text frames cosmic order as intelligible through disciplined practice: it states that perceiving the supreme principle (identified with Viṣṇu) is not accessible to one who is deficient in Vedic rites (veda-kriyā). In a neutral scholarly reading, this functions as a norm of maintaining order—personal and societal—by aligning conduct with established ritual-temporal frameworks.
The chapter emphasizes ahorātra (day–night) and the saṃvatsara (year) structured as dvādaśadhā (twelvefold). It explicitly names the six seasons (ṛtavaḥ ṣaṭ) as integral to the year’s structure. No specific lunar tithis are mentioned in this passage.
Environmental balance is implied through the ordering of nature by time: the ocean is conceptualized as sevenfold (a way of classifying ecological space), while the year is defined through cyclical divisions and seasons. By linking world-emergence and stability to regulated cycles (sun–moon, day–night, seasons), the text can be read as presenting an early model of terrestrial stewardship grounded in respecting and maintaining temporal-ecological rhythms.
The chapter names Bhadrāśva (a royal interlocutor) and Agastya (a prominent sage figure) as the immediate participants in the explanatory exchange. No extended dynastic genealogy is provided within the cited verses.
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