Rig Veda 9.47.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 47, Mantra 2

Sukta 9.47

Devata: Soma Pavamāna

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

कृतानीदस्य कर्त्वा चेतन्ते दस्युतर्हणा । ऋणा च धृष्णुश्चयते ॥

Transliteration

kṛtā́nīd asya kártvā cétante dasyu-tárhaṇā | ṛṇā́ ca dhṛṣṇúś cayate ||

Translation

此苏摩之所作与所行，皆自觉而明；他是摧破达修之力者，并且收摄“债负”（ṛṇa）与勇猛之能，使之归于主宰。

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Word by Word

• कृतानि: the deeds, the things done
• कृतानि: Karma (object of चेतन्ते: ‘they perceive/recognize the deeds’)
• Type: Noun (verbal noun/PPP used substantively)
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• ईत्: indeed, just
• ईत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ईत् (निपात/अव्यय; emphatic particle)

• अस्य: of him, of this (one)
• अस्य: Sambandha (genitive: ‘of him/this one’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• कर्त्वा: the act of doing; performance
• कर्त्वा: Karma (appositional/explicative to कृतानि: ‘the doing/act’)
• Type: Noun (action-noun)
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कर्त्व (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• चेतन्ते: they perceive/recognize
• चेतन्ते: Kriyā (finite verb); Kartā implied (they)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चित् (धातु; ‘to perceive/notice/understand’)

• दस्युतर्हणा: dasyu-smiting; slayer of the Dasyus
• दस्युतर्हणा: Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier of the praised deity/agent, implicit)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: दस्यु-तर्हण (प्रातिपदिक; compound)

• ऋणा: debts; obligations
• ऋणा: Karma (object of चयते: ‘he heaps up debts/obligations’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋण (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• धृष्णुः: the bold one; the daring (one)
• धृष्णुः: Kartā (subject of चयते)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: धृष्णु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bold, daring’)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• चयते: he heaps up; accumulates
• चयते: Kriyā (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चि (धातु; ‘to heap up, pile, accumulate’)