Rig Veda 9.41.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 41, Mantra 2
Sukta 9.41
Devata: Soma Pavamāna (as guide across difficulty)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सुवितस्य मनामहेऽति सेतुं दुराव्यम् । साह्वांसो दस्युमव्रतम् ॥
Transliteration
suvitásya manāmahe ’tí sétuṃ durā́vyam | sā́hvāṃso dásyum avratám ||
Translation
我们以心念趋向善达之途，越过那难以渡越的桥梁；如得胜者，制伏那无誓无律的达修（dasyu）——那拒绝正当行作之力。
Word by Word
सुवितस्यof good passage/fortune
सुवितस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation) — ‘of good passage/fortune’
TypeNoun
Rootसुवित (प्रातिपदिक; सु-√इ ‘गमन/प्राप्ति’ > ‘सुगमन/कल्याण-मार्ग/सौभाग्य’)
मनामहेwe seek/long for, we desire
मनामहे:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया); कर्ता = वयम् (अध्याहृत)
TypeVerb
Root√मन् (मनुते/मन्यते ‘to think, to deem, to desire’; RV में ‘to seek/long for’)
अतिacross, beyond
अति:
उपपद/क्रियाविशेषण (गमन/अतिक्रमण-भाव)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सेतुम्bridge, causeway
सेतुम्:
कर्म (अति + गमन/अतिक्रमण का लक्ष्य) — ‘across the bridge’
TypeNoun
Rootसेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
दुराव्यम्hard to cross/overcome
दुराव्यम्:
विशेषण (कर्म का)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुराव्य (प्रातिपदिक; दुर्- + अव्य/अव ‘to be reached/attained’ → ‘hard to reach/pass’)
साह्वांसःthe overpowering (victorious) ones
साह्वांसः:
कर्तृ (द्वितीय पाद का कर्ता) — ‘the overpowering ones’
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Participle
Rootसाह्वांस् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √सह् ‘to overcome, to be victorious’ → ‘conquering/overpowering’)
दस्युम्the Dasyu (hostile foe)
दस्युम्:
कर्म (हनन/दमन का लक्ष्य; क्रिया अध्याहृत)
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
अव्रतम्lawless, without sacred observance
अव्रतम्:
विशेषण (कर्म का)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-व्रत (प्रातिपदिक; नञ्-समास ‘without vow/rite, lawless’)
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