Rig Veda 8.45.5: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 5
Sukta 8.45
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्रति त्वा शवसी वदद्गिरावप्सो न योधिषत् । यस्ते शत्रुत्वमाचके ॥
Transliteration
práti tvā śavasī́ vádad gírāv ápsō ná yódhiṣat | yás te śatrutvám ācaké ||
Translation
对着你，噢大能者，发声的诸力相争——如激荡之水；而凡欲对你怀敌意者，必被揭露而败亡。
Word by Word
प्रतिtowards, against
प्रति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (upasarga/avyaya)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म (object)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (2nd pers. pronoun)
शवसीwith might, by strength
शवसी:
करण (instrument/means)
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (n.)
वदत्speaking, uttering
वदत्:
कर्ता (agent; agreeing with implied speaker/subject)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootवद्
गिराwith a song/utterance
गिरा:
करण (instrument/means)
TypeNoun
Rootगिर् (f.)
अप्सुin the waters
अप्सु:
अधिकरण (location)
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (f.)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (particle)
योधिषत्fought, battled
योधिषत्:
कर्ता (agent; subject = यः)
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (agent)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
तेof you, your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (possessive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (2nd pers. pronoun)
शत्रुत्वम्enmity, hostility
शत्रुत्वम्:
कर्म (object)
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु + त्व (taddhita abstract) → शत्रुत्व (n.)
आचकेhas displayed/assumed (as), has shown
आचके:
कर्ता (agent; subject = यः)
TypeVerb
Rootचकि/चके (Vedic perfect of √कन्/√क (to appear/manifest; ‘to show oneself as’), with ā-)
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